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The numerical stability of transformation-based CT ventilation.

Edward Castillo1,2, Richard Castillo3, Yevgeniy Vinogradskiy4

  • 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Beaumont Health Systems, Royal Oak, MI, USA. ec@rice.edu.

International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery
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PubMed
Summary

Computed tomography (CT)-derived ventilation imaging is sensitive to small changes in deformable image registration (DIR). Even minor DIR shifts can significantly alter ventilation images, highlighting the need for improved CT ventilation reproducibility.

Keywords:
Computed tomographyDeformable image registrationFunctional image analysisVentilation

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Computational Anatomy
  • Respiratory Physiology

Background:

  • Computed tomography (CT)-derived ventilation imaging quantifies respiratory-induced tissue volume changes using 4D CT scans and deformable image registration (DIR).
  • Current validation methods correlate CT ventilation with other functional imaging, but the numerical stability of CT ventilation calculations remains uncharacterized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of small perturbations in the DIR displacement field on transformation-based CT ventilation calculations.
  • To assess the sensitivity and reproducibility of CT ventilation imaging.

Main Methods:

  • Derived a mathematical theorem bounding ventilation metric changes based on displacement vector perturbations.
  • Introduced a novel Jacobian constrained optimization method for computing CT ventilation images.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that similar spatial accuracy DIR transformations can yield significantly different CT ventilation images.
  • Showcased the ability to compute a CT ventilation image that perfectly correlates with single-photon emission CT perfusion data.

Conclusions:

  • Transformation-based CT ventilation is promising but highly sensitive to minor DIR displacement field variations.
  • Significant relative changes in ventilation images can result from small DIR perturbations.
  • Further research is needed to enhance the reproducibility of CT ventilation imaging.