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Is psoriasis an autoimmune disease? Interpretations from an immunofluorescence-based study.

Shashi Anand¹, Parikshaa Gupta¹, Ranjeet Bhardwaj¹

¹Department of Immunopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.

Journal of Cutaneous Pathology

|January 7, 2017

Summary

This study investigated the autoimmune basis of psoriasis, finding no significant association between psoriasis and autoantibodies or immunoreactant deposition. These findings suggest psoriasis may not have a definite autoimmune origin.

Keywords:

antinuclear antibodies autoimmunity direct immunofluorescence indirect psoriasis

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Area of Science:

Dermatology
Immunology
Pathology

Background:

Psoriasis is a complex inflammatory disease with proposed autoimmune origins.
The autoimmune nature of psoriasis remains incompletely established.
This study aimed to investigate the potential autoimmune basis of psoriasis.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the autoimmune nature of psoriasis.
To assess clinical, histopathological, and immunopathological features in psoriasis patients.
To analyze autoantibodies in patient sera and immunoreactant deposition in skin biopsies.

Main Methods:

Prospective study of 43 psoriasis patients.
Detailed clinical, histopathological, and immunopathological assessments.
Direct immunofluorescence (DIF) of lesional and non-lesional skin.
Analysis of serum autoantibodies, including antinuclear and antismooth muscle antibodies.

Main Results:

20.93% of patients had antinuclear antibodies; 4.65% had antismooth muscle antibodies.
Direct immunofluorescence (DIF) was positive in 72% of lesional and 63% of non-lesional skin biopsies.
Granular deposits of C5b-9 were detected at the dermoepidermal junction in DIF-positive cases.
No significant difference in immunoreactant positivity between lesional and non-lesional skin.

Conclusions:

No significant association found between psoriasis and autoantibody seroprevalence.
Immunoreactant deposition in skin biopsies did not show a significant association with psoriasis.
The study refutes a definite autoimmune basis for psoriasis.