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A chronomorphological structural model of rat thyroid gland.

L Vizzotto1, C Sforza, V F Ferrario

  • 1Istituto di Anatomia Umana Normale, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy.

Chronobiologia
|July 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

The thyroid gland exhibits daily structural rhythms, with significant daily variations in follicle size and diameter in rats. These findings suggest a pulsating nature of thyroid follicles over a 24-hour period.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Chronobiology
  • Structural Biology

Background:

  • The thyroid gland's structure and function are influenced by various factors, including biological rhythms.
  • Understanding the circadian rhythmicity of thyroid morphology is crucial for comprehending its physiological regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the circadian rhythmicity of the structural morphometric model of the thyroid gland in Wistar rats.
  • To evaluate the daily variations in thyroid follicle volume, size distribution, and cellular components.

Main Methods:

  • 36 Wistar rats were maintained under a 12-hour light/12-hour dark cycle (LD 12:12).
  • Morphometric parameters including volume fractions of follicle epithelium, colloid, and interstitium were assessed at 6 time points over 24 hours.

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  • Follicle size distribution and number of follicles per unit volume were analyzed.

    • Main Results:

    • Statistically significant circadian rhythms were demonstrated for mean follicular diameter (p<0.03) and mean follicular cavity diameter (p<0.01).
    • Overlapping acrophases for these parameters suggest synchronized rhythmic pulsation of the entire thyroid follicle.
    • The thickness of the follicular epithelium did not show statistically significant periodic variation.

    Conclusions:

    • The thyroid gland exhibits significant circadian rhythmicity in its structural morphometry, particularly in follicle size and diameter.
    • These findings indicate a synchronized, pulsating rhythm of thyroid follicles, impacting overall gland structure.
    • Follicular epithelium thickness remains relatively constant, suggesting specific regulatory mechanisms for follicle size variation.