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Autophagy: A Druggable Process.

Etienne Morel1,2, Maryam Mehrpour1,2, Joëlle Botti1,3

  • 1Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, F-75993 Paris, France;

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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Autophagy, a cellular recycling process, is vital for health and implicated in numerous diseases. Researchers are exploring druggable targets to modulate autophagy for treating life-threatening conditions.

Keywords:
activatorsautophagosomediseaseinhibitorslysosomemacroautophagy

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Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Autophagy is a conserved eukaryotic pathway for intracellular catabolism.
  • It is essential for tissue homeostasis, stress adaptation, immune responses, and inflammation regulation.
  • Dysregulation of autophagy is linked to cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, autoimmune, and infectious diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the three key regulatory levels of autophagy in mammalian cells: signaling, autophagosome formation, and maturation/degradation.
  • To highlight the druggability of these regulatory levels for therapeutic intervention.
  • To summarize autophagy modulators, their potential, and limitations in treating severe diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current scientific literature on autophagy regulation.
  • Analysis of signaling pathways, autophagosome biogenesis, and lysosomal degradation mechanisms.
  • Evaluation of existing and potential autophagy-modulating drugs.

Main Results:

  • Significant progress has been made in understanding the molecular mechanisms governing autophagy.
  • Each regulatory level (signaling, formation, maturation) presents druggable targets.
  • Modulators can potentially stimulate or inhibit autophagy depending on the therapeutic indication.

Conclusions:

  • Autophagy modulation offers promising therapeutic avenues for various life-threatening diseases.
  • Targeting autophagy signaling, formation, or degradation pathways can be beneficial.
  • Further research is needed to optimize autophagy modulators and overcome their limitations.