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Temporal eating patterns: a latent class analysis approach.

Rebecca M Leech¹, Anthony Worsley², Anna Timperio²

¹The Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia. rleec@deakin.edu.au.

The International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity

|January 8, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Australian adults exhibit three distinct temporal eating patterns: Conventional, Later Lunch, and Grazing. The Grazing pattern, characterized by frequent snacking, is more prevalent in younger adults. Further research is needed to explore health implications.

Keywords:

Chrono-nutrition Eating occasion Eating patterns Latent class analysis Meal timing Meals Snacks

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Area of Science:

Nutrition Science
Public Health
Behavioral Science

Background:

Limited research exists on temporal eating patterns throughout the day.
Emerging evidence links late-day energy intake to adverse health outcomes.
This study addresses the gap by analyzing eating occasion timing in Australian adults.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify and characterize distinct temporal eating patterns in Australian adults.
To utilize latent class analysis (LCA) as a novel approach for pattern identification.
To examine sociodemographic and dietary differences across identified eating patterns.

Main Methods:

Analysis of dietary data from 5242 Australian adults (≥19 years) using two 24-hour recalls.
Application of latent class analysis (LCA) to identify eating patterns based on hourly eating occasions.
Statistical tests (F and adjusted-chi²) to compare groups based on sociodemographics and eating behaviors.

Main Results:

Three distinct temporal eating patterns were identified: "Conventional," "Later lunch," and "Grazing."
The "Grazing" pattern was associated with younger age, urban residence, and higher snack frequency.
Individuals with a "Grazing" pattern consumed a higher proportion of energy from snacks and less from meals.

Conclusions:

Latent class analysis effectively identified three distinct temporal eating patterns in Australian adults.
These patterns differ significantly in sociodemographic characteristics and energy intake distribution.
Future research should investigate the health associations of these identified temporal eating patterns.