Metoclopramide induced acute dystonic reaction: a case report
Frank-Leonel Tianyi1, Valirie Ndip Agbor2, Tsi Njim3,4
1Sub-Divisional hospital Mayo Darley, Mayo Darley, Cameroon.
BMC Research Notes
|January 8, 2017
Summary
Metoclopramide, an anti-emetic, can cause unpredictable dystonic reactions, even in young patients. Prompt management with antihistamines is crucial for symptom resolution.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Clinical Toxicology
- Adverse Drug Reactions
Background:
- Metoclopramide is a widely prescribed anti-emetic.
- It is known to cause extrapyramidal symptoms, including dystonic reactions.
- Risk factors include high doses, female gender, and younger age.
Observation:
- A 16-year-old female presented with severe malaria and refractory vomiting.
- She received intravenous quinine and metoclopramide.
- Dystonic reactions occurred after the second dose of metoclopramide.
Findings:
- The patient experienced dystonic reactions following metoclopramide administration.
- Discontinuation of metoclopramide and administration of chlorpheniramine led to symptom resolution.
- Management challenges in resource-limited settings were highlighted.
Implications:
- Metoclopramide-induced dystonic reactions are unpredictable and can cause patient/caregiver anxiety.
- Close patient monitoring for early detection of adverse effects is essential.
- Healthcare facilities must be prepared to manage metoclopramide's adverse effects.
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