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Related Concept Videos

Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment01:20

Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment

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Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular transmission disorder characterized by weakness and increased fatigability of skeletal muscles. It is an autoimmune disease affecting approximately one in 2000 people, where antibodies against the α1 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are produced.
These antibodies interfere with the function of the nicotinic receptors in three ways: by binding to the receptor and disrupting acetylcholine binding; by causing cross-linking of receptors which...
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Myasthenia Gravis: Diagnostic Tests01:15

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Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune condition affecting neuromuscular transmission, causing generalized weakness in skeletal muscles. Initial diagnoses rely on patients' signs, symptoms, and medical history. The challenge lies in distinguishing myasthenia from other muscular dystrophies. An important diagnostic feature is the significant improvement of symptoms after administering anticholinesterase inhibitors.
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Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle01:28

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The clinical conditions affecting the skeletal muscle tissue are broadly categorized as musculoskeletal and neuromuscular disorders.
Musculoskeletal disorders
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Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Therapeutic Uses01:31

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Skeletal muscle relaxants are used to relax muscle tone and alleviate painful muscle contractions. However, the choice of skeletal muscle relaxants depends on the duration of the surgical procedure in order to minimize potential side effects. Skeletal muscle relaxants like neuromuscular blocking agents [NMBAs] are commonly employed as adjuvants alongside general anesthetics in clinical settings. NMBAs are also used to maintain controlled ventilation during surgery of the larynx or pharynx...
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Chemical Synapses01:26

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Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
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Chemical Synapses01:26

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Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 9, 2026

Manual Muscle Testing: A Method of Measuring Extremity Muscle Strength Applied to Critically Ill Patients
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Myasthenia Gravis and Its Aeromedical Implications.

Tania Jagathesan, Michael D O'Brien

    Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance
    |January 8, 2017
    PubMed
    Summary

    Myasthenia gravis diagnosis often leads to medical certification loss for pilots and air traffic controllers. This study reviews UK Civil Aviation Authority data to inform aeromedical policies for affected individuals.

    Area of Science:

    • Aerospace Medicine
    • Neurology
    • Immunology

    Background:

    • Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disorder affecting neuromuscular junctions.
    • Symptoms include muscle fatigability and weakness, impacting aviation roles.
    • This study examines UK Civil Aviation Authority data on myasthenia gravis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the aeromedical implications of myasthenia gravis.
    • To analyze the impact on pilots and air traffic controllers.
    • To propose a medical certification policy.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective review of UK Civil Aviation Authority medical records (1990-2016).
    • Identified 11 individuals diagnosed with myasthenia gravis.
    • Extracted data on certification, diagnosis, symptoms, treatment, and loss of certification.

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    Main Results:

    • Included 2 Class 1, 6 Class 2 certificate holders, and 3 air traffic controllers.
    • Mean age at diagnosis was 53 years (range 28-67).
    • Mean interval to loss of certification was 22 months (range 0-108).

    Conclusions:

    • Myasthenia gravis has significant aeromedical implications.
    • Consideration of complications, treatments, and functional impact is crucial.
    • A proposed policy for medical certification is presented.