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Regional adaptation defines sensitivity to future ocean acidification.

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Area of Science:

  • Marine Biology
  • Ecology
  • Climate Change Science

Background:

  • Temperature significantly influences species distribution and global warming sensitivity.
  • The impact of ocean acidification (OA) on species distribution remains largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how regional adaptation shapes the sensitivity of gastropod populations to ocean acidification.
  • To understand the potential influence of OA on marine species distribution and ecosystem function.

Main Methods:

  • Integrated population genetics with experimental data on growth, mineralization, physiology, and metabolomics.
  • Assessed the response of Littorina littorea populations from different latitudinal ranges to low pH conditions.

Main Results:

  • Populations of Littorina littorea from the edges of their Northeast Atlantic range showed increased shell dissolution under low pH.
  • These edge populations were unable to upregulate metabolism in response to low pH, indicating higher sensitivity.
  • Regional adaptation significantly influences population sensitivity to ocean acidification.

Conclusions:

  • Ocean acidification can mediate temperature-driven shifts in species distributions.
  • Future OA levels may alter marine biogeography and ecosystem functioning.
  • Understanding regional adaptation is crucial for predicting species responses to global change.