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Related Concept Videos

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

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The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the...
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The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris...
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The movement of the legs is facilitated by numerous muscles located within the anterior, medial, and posterior compartments of the thigh.
Anterior Compartment
The quadriceps femoris, the most visible muscle of the anterior compartment, is integral for leg extension and thigh flexion. It is formed by merging four distinct muscles — the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, and rectus femoris. The quadriceps tendon, a shared tendon of the four quadriceps muscles, is affixed...
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Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation01:21

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Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 9, 2026

Author Spotlight: Double Posteromedial Approach for Treating Posterior Cruciate Ligament Cysts
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Persistent Knee Pain After Falling Off a Bicycle.

Muhammad Waseem, Julissa Garrido-Joyce1, Frances Quee2

  • 1Pediatrics, Lincoln Medical & Mental Health Center, Bronx, NY.

Pediatric Emergency Care
|January 10, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A bicycle accident caused a young man

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Area of Science:

  • Vascular surgery
  • Trauma surgery
  • Orthopedic surgery

Background:

  • Popliteal artery thrombosis can cause severe knee pain.
  • Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) is a limb-threatening condition due to increased fascial compartment pressures.
  • Causes of ACS include crush injuries, burns, hemorrhage, and constrictive devices.

Observation:

  • An 18-year-old male presented with severe knee pain after a bicycle fall.
  • The pain was diagnosed as secondary to popliteal artery thrombosis.
  • This case highlights a rare cause of acute compartment syndrome.

Findings:

  • Elevated fascial compartment pressures lead to reduced distal perfusion and ischemia.
  • Ischemia affects muscles and neurovascular tissues, potentially causing permanent damage.
  • Prompt surgical intervention is crucial for limb salvage.

Implications:

  • A thorough patient history is essential for diagnosing popliteal artery thrombosis and ACS.
  • High clinical suspicion and rapid diagnosis are key to preventing irreversible nerve and muscle damage.
  • Early recognition and surgical management can preserve limb function.