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Feline Cholangitis.

Lara Boland1, Julia Beatty1

  • 1Faculty of Veterinary Science, Valentine Charlton Cat Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, 65 Parramatta Road, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.

The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Small Animal Practice
|January 11, 2017
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Summary

Feline cholangitis, a common liver disease, presents in several forms including neutrophilic and lymphocytic. Diagnosis involves clinical signs, imaging, and lab tests, with histopathology ideal but often impractical.

Keywords:
CatCholangitisFelineFlukeInflammationLiverLymphocyticNeutrophilic

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Hepatology
  • Feline Medicine

Background:

  • Cholangitis is a prevalent liver disease in domestic cats.
  • It manifests in various forms, including neutrophilic, lymphocytic, and chronic cholangitis associated with liver flukes.
  • Accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the common forms of feline cholangitis.
  • To outline diagnostic approaches for feline cholangitis.
  • To describe the clinical presentations and associations of different cholangitis types in cats.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentations, diagnostic methods, and associations of feline cholangitis.
  • Analysis of historical, physical examination, laboratory, and imaging findings.
  • Consideration of histopathology and bile analysis for definitive diagnosis.

Main Results:

  • Neutrophilic cholangitis is linked to bacterial infections and concurrent diseases, presenting with acute signs like lethargy and jaundice.
  • Lymphocytic cholangitis, potentially immune-mediated, may show chronic signs such as weight loss and ascites.
  • Liver fluke-associated cholangitis has variable prevalence and less commonly reported clinical signs.

Conclusions:

  • Feline cholangitis requires a multi-faceted diagnostic approach, combining clinical data with diagnostic imaging and laboratory tests.
  • Different forms of cholangitis have distinct clinical courses and associations, necessitating tailored diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
  • While definitive diagnosis can be challenging, prompt recognition of clinical signs aids in managing this common feline liver condition.