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Related Concept Videos

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

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Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
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The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
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Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) management can be divided into two main strategies: prevention and long-term management.Primary PreventionPrimary prevention focuses on timely diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis to prevent acute rheumatic fever. The most widely used antibiotic for treating this condition is intramuscular benzathine penicillin G.Acute Rheumatic Fever TreatmentThe primary treatment goal for a patient diagnosed with acute rheumatic fever is to suppress the...
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AssessmentA comprehensive assessment is essential in managing a patient with rheumatic heart disease (RHD). Begin with obtaining a detailed medical history, including recent streptococcal infections, a history of rheumatic fever, or previously diagnosed rheumatic heart disease. Assess the patient for symptoms such as fever, chest pain, widespread joint pain (arthralgia), tachycardia, pericardial friction rub, muffled heart sounds, heart murmurs, peripheral edema, subcutaneous nodules, and...
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The clinical conditions affecting the skeletal muscle tissue are broadly categorized as musculoskeletal and neuromuscular disorders.
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Author Spotlight: Advancing Tendon Research by Developing Mouse Assembloids to Understand Cellular Mechanisms
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[Tendinopathy in rheumatic diseases].

M Henniger1, S Rehart2

  • 1Sektion Orthopädische Rheumatologie, Klinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Agaplesion Markus Krankenhaus, Wilhelm-Epstein-Str. 4, 60431, Frankfurt/M, Deutschland. Martina.Henniger@fdk.info.

Der Unfallchirurg
|January 11, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthritis commonly affect tendons, causing tenosynovitis or enthesitis. Diagnosis involves clinical, imaging, and lab tests, with systemic medication being key for treatment.

Keywords:
EnthesitisPsoriatic arthritisRheumatoid arthritisSpondyloarthritisTenosynovitis

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Orthopedics
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Tendons and tendon sheaths are frequently involved in inflammatory systemic diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthritis.
  • Rheumatoid arthritis manifests as tenosynovitis (hands/feet), while spondyloarthritis presents as enthesitis (lower extremities).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the clinical presentation, diagnostic approaches, and therapeutic strategies for tendinopathies in rheumatic diseases.
  • To highlight the differences and limitations in histopathological differentiation of tendinopathies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical, sonographic, radiological, and laboratory findings.
  • Discussion of histopathological characteristics and therapeutic interventions.

Main Results:

  • Tendon involvement in rheumatic diseases presents as tenosynovitis or enthesitis, differing from degenerative tendinopathies.
  • Comprehensive diagnostics are crucial for effective treatment planning.
  • Histopathology aids in identifying tendinopathy but cannot definitively differentiate between specific rheumatic diseases.

Conclusions:

  • Systemic medication is the primary treatment for rheumatic tendinopathies.
  • Local therapies and surgical interventions are indicated for refractory cases or complications like tendon rupture.