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Updated: Mar 9, 2026

Endoscopic Bilateral Nipple-sparing Mastectomy via a Single Axillary Incision with Immediate Pre-pectoral Implant-based Breast Reconstruction
Published on: May 17, 2024
Objection to postoperative radiation therapy in breast cancer with one to three lymph nodes involvements
Takashi Ishikawa1, Hiroshi Kaise2, Kimito Yamada2
1Department of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan. tishik55@gmail.com.
Abstract:
My arguments regarding postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) for this case are based on the following 4 reasons: (1) high rate of local recurrence in the no PMRT group in the Early Breast Cancer Trialists' Collaborative Group meta-analysis on which the present guideline is based, (2) stage migration by sentinel node biopsy, (3) possible adverse events of radiotherapy, and (4) problems on extrapolation of data from western countries.
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