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Fullerenes in Space.

John P Maier1, Ewen K Campbell1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 80, Basel, 4056, Switzerland.

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|January 11, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The detection of buckminsterfullerene ions (C60+) in interstellar space has finally explained the long-standing mystery of diffuse interstellar bands. Sophisticated laboratory experiments confirmed C60+ as the source of these enigmatic spectral features.

Keywords:
astrochemistryastronomydiffuse interstellar bandsfullerenesspectroscopy

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Area of Science:

  • Astrochemistry
  • Spectroscopy
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • The diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs) are absorption features in starlight, observed for a century, with their molecular carriers remaining unidentified.
  • Buckminsterfullerene (C60) was proposed in 1985 and synthesized in 1990, with its potential role in space considered early on.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the molecular carriers responsible for the diffuse interstellar bands.
  • To confirm the presence and spectral signature of the buckminsterfullerene ion (C60+) in interstellar space.

Main Methods:

  • Laboratory measurement of C60+ absorption spectra under cryogenic conditions (5 K neon matrix and conditions simulating diffuse clouds).
  • Comparison of laboratory spectra with astronomical observations of diffuse interstellar bands.
  • Analysis of astronomical data for absorption features in predicted wavelength ranges.

Main Results:

  • Early laboratory spectra of C60+ (1993) predicted its absorption bands.
  • Two diffuse interstellar bands were discovered in the predicted spectral region in 1994.
  • Sophisticated laboratory experiments in 2015 confirmed that C60+ is responsible for these specific diffuse interstellar bands.

Conclusions:

  • The buckminsterfullerene ion (C60+) has been definitively identified as the carrier of two prominent diffuse interstellar bands.
  • This discovery provides the first molecular identification for these century-old astronomical observations.
  • The study highlights the importance of laboratory astrophysics in solving interstellar mysteries.