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Additive toxic effect of deltamethrin and cadmium on hepatic, hematological, and immunological parameters in mice

Hasibur Rehman1, Al Thbiani Aziz1, Shalini Saggu1

  • 11 Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.

Toxicology and Industrial Health
|January 11, 2017
PubMed

Insights

This study shows that combined exposure to deltamethrin (DM) and cadmium (Cd) causes additive toxicity. These environmental toxins harm multiple organs, affecting liver enzymes and immune responses in mice.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Toxicology
  • Occupational Health
  • Immunotoxicology

Background:

  • Concurrent exposure to environmental toxins poses significant health risks.
  • The interaction and mechanisms of deltamethrin (DM) and cadmium (Cd) toxicity are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interactive toxicological effects of deltamethrin and cadmium.
  • To evaluate the biochemical, hematological, immunological, and histopathological impacts of combined DM and Cd exposure.

Main Methods:

  • Albino mice were exposed to saline (control), deltamethrin, cadmium chloride, or a combination of cadmium chloride and deltamethrin for two weeks.
  • Evaluated biochemical markers (AST, ALT), hematological parameters (erythrocyte count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, TLC), humoral immunity, and performed histopathological examinations.

Main Results:

  • Combined exposure to DM and Cd significantly elevated liver enzymes (AST, ALT).
  • DM and Cd exposure suppressed humoral immunity, erythrocyte count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and total leukocyte count (TLC).
  • Histopathological findings indicated hepatic damage, consistent with elevated liver enzymes.

Conclusions:

  • Cadmium and deltamethrin exhibit an additive toxicity profile.
  • The observed additive effects suggest that these toxins may target different cellular pathways or were below saturation levels for individual toxicological targets.
Keywords:
Deltamethrincadmium intoxicationhematologyimmunosuppressionoxidative stress

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