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Related Concept Videos

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Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric condition that arises following exposure to traumatic events such as natural disasters, forced displacement, or severe accidents. It significantly impairs individuals' ability to cope with daily activities and disrupts their emotional and psychological equilibrium.
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Cognitive therapy, pioneered by Aaron T. Beck in the 1960s, is a structured approach to addressing psychological distress by focusing on the influence of thoughts on emotions and behaviors. All cognitive therapies involve the basic assumption that human beings have control over their feelings, and that how individuals feel about something depends on how they think about it. Unlike psychoanalytic methods that delve into unconscious processes or humanistic approaches emphasizing...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 9, 2026

A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers
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Examining Cognitive Processes and Drinking Urge in PTSD.

Jennifer P Read1, Rachel L Bachrach2, Jeffrey D Wardell3

  • 1Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, SUNY, USA.

Behaviour Research and Therapy
|January 11, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cognitive processing changes in individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following trauma cue exposure are linked to increased alcohol urges. This highlights cognition as a key factor in PTSD and drinking behaviors.

Keywords:
AlcoholCognitionPTSDStroopTrauma

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Addiction Research

Background:

  • The relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol drinking is complex, with limited understanding of the role of cognitive processes.
  • Cognitive theories emphasize information processing, yet its specific role in the PTSD-alcohol drinking association remains under-investigated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate information processing pathways for trauma and alcohol-related information.
  • To examine the impact of posttraumatic stress and trauma cue exposure on these cognitive pathways.
  • To explore the association between cognitive changes and alcohol urges in individuals with PTSD.

Main Methods:

  • A study involving 232 college students, diagnosed into three groups based on PTSD status via structured clinical interview.
  • Participants were exposed to personalized trauma or neutral cue scripts.
  • A modified Stroop task with trauma, alcohol, and contrast words was administered, alongside mood and alcohol urge assessments.

Main Results:

  • Individuals with PTSD exposed to trauma cues exhibited generalized response slowing on the Stroop task.
  • This cognitive slowing was significantly associated with increased alcohol urges specifically in PTSD participants exposed to trauma cues.
  • No evidence was found for trauma cues inducing an attention bias to trauma/alcohol stimuli or slower reaction times predicting alcohol urges.

Conclusions:

  • Individual factors (PTSD) and environmental triggers (trauma cues) interact to alter cognitive processing.
  • These cognitive alterations may influence motivation for alcohol consumption.
  • Cognition represents a critical mechanism warranting further research in the etiology of both PTSD and alcohol use disorders.