Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Cochlear Implants: An Overview.

Missouri medicine·2026
Same author

A Fatal Case of a Ruptured Posterior Communicating Artery Aneurysm in a Patient With Suspected Klippel-Feil Syndrome.

Cureus·2025
Same author

Nuclear Protein in Testis (NUT) Carcinoma With Nasopharyngeal and Intracranial Involvement: A Case Report.

Cureus·2025
Same author

Right Ventricular Thrombus: A Rare but Potentially Fatal Condition.

Cureus·2025
Same author

Predicting the presence and severity of obstructive sleep apnea with optical coherence tomography.

Annals of the American Thoracic Society·2025
Same author

Chyluria Status Post Microwave Ablation of Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Case Report.

Cureus·2025
Same journal

Laryngeal Injuries Following General Endotracheal Anesthesia: A Case Series.

The Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology·2026
Same journal

Clinical and Voice Outcome Differences in Vocal Cord Cysts with and Without Sulcus Vocalis: Insights From a Tertiary Center in Saudi Arabia.

The Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology·2026
Same journal

Bioabsorbable Stenting in a Case of Severe Pediatric Posterior Glottic Stenosis.

The Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology·2026
Same journal

Efficacy and Safety of Finafloxacin Otic Suspension, 0.3% for the Treatment of Acute Otitis Externa: Results from two Phase III Randomized Clinical Studies.

The Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology·2026
Same journal

Evaluation Of the Expression Levels Of SerpinB3/B4/B10, Interleukin-17 As Biomarkers For Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps.

The Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology·2026
Same journal

Correlation of Patient-Reported Symptoms With Rhinogram Features Beyond Simple Airway Resistance.

The Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 9, 2026

Facial Nerve Surgery in the Rat Model to Study Axonal Inhibition and Regeneration
05:04

Facial Nerve Surgery in the Rat Model to Study Axonal Inhibition and Regeneration

Published on: May 5, 2020

8.2K

Muscle-Nerve-Muscle Grafting for Facial Reanimation in Rats.

Steven J Charous1, Jeffery M Hotaling1, Bridget D Burgess1

  • 11 Loyola University of Chicago, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Maywood, Illinois, USA.

The Annals of Otology, Rhinology, and Laryngology
|January 12, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Muscle-nerve-muscle (MNM) neurotization shows promise for facial paralysis recovery. Combining MNM grafting with electrical stimulation and testosterone propionate significantly improved functional recovery in rats, comparable to nerve reanastomosis.

Keywords:
electrical stimulationfacial nerve injuryfunctional recoverymuscle-nerve-muscle neurotizationtestosterone

More Related Videos

The Muscle Cuff Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface for the Amplification of Intact Peripheral Nerve Signals
07:30

The Muscle Cuff Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface for the Amplification of Intact Peripheral Nerve Signals

Published on: January 13, 2022

2.6K
Transplantation of Olfactory Ensheathing Cells to Evaluate Functional Recovery after Peripheral Nerve Injury
10:33

Transplantation of Olfactory Ensheathing Cells to Evaluate Functional Recovery after Peripheral Nerve Injury

Published on: February 23, 2014

12.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 9, 2026

Facial Nerve Surgery in the Rat Model to Study Axonal Inhibition and Regeneration
05:04

Facial Nerve Surgery in the Rat Model to Study Axonal Inhibition and Regeneration

Published on: May 5, 2020

8.2K
The Muscle Cuff Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface for the Amplification of Intact Peripheral Nerve Signals
07:30

The Muscle Cuff Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface for the Amplification of Intact Peripheral Nerve Signals

Published on: January 13, 2022

2.6K
Transplantation of Olfactory Ensheathing Cells to Evaluate Functional Recovery after Peripheral Nerve Injury
10:33

Transplantation of Olfactory Ensheathing Cells to Evaluate Functional Recovery after Peripheral Nerve Injury

Published on: February 23, 2014

12.3K

Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Animal Models

Background:

  • Facial paralysis significantly impacts patients' quality of life, causing aesthetic and functional deficits.
  • Muscle-nerve-muscle (MNM) neurotization offers a potential reinnervation strategy using autogenous nerve grafts.
  • Current treatment options for facial nerve injury have limitations, especially for patients unsuitable for nerve reanastomosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of MNM neurotization for functional recovery after rat facial nerve injury.
  • To compare MNM grafting alone versus combined with electrical stimulation (ES) and testosterone propionate (TP).
  • To assess MNM neurotization against traditional nerve reanastomosis (RE) in a rat model.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty-one male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: control, MNM alone, MNM+ES+TP, and RE.
  • Autogenous facial nerve branches served as grafts for MNM procedures.
  • Functional recovery was quantitatively assessed using behavioral observations and electromyography (EMG).

Main Results:

  • MNM grafting alone enhanced muscle tone and vibrissae movement.
  • The addition of ES and TP to MNM grafting further improved muscle tone and accelerated coordinated movement recovery.
  • Functional outcomes with MNM+ES+TP were comparable to those achieved with RE, with EMG confirming electrical conductance across MNM grafts.

Conclusions:

  • MNM neurotization is an effective strategy for restoring function after facial nerve injury.
  • Combined ES and TP treatment significantly potentiates MNM grafting outcomes.
  • This approach holds significant potential for patients with unilateral facial or laryngeal nerve paralysis, especially those ineligible for nerve reanastomosis.