Characterizing Clinical Genetic Counselors' Countertransference Experiences: an Exploratory Study

Area of Science:

• Psychology
• Genetic Counseling
• Healthcare Professional Well-being

Background:

• Countertransference (CT) involves counselor emotions and defenses in response to patient interactions.
• While theorized, genetic counselors' experiences with CT remain under-explored.
• This study addresses the gap by examining CT experiences and management in genetic counseling.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess genetic counselors' perceived inclination to experience CT.
• To collect examples of CT encountered in clinical genetic counseling.
• To evaluate CT management strategies employed by genetic counselors.

Main Methods:

• Anonymous online survey distributed to National Society of Genetic Counselors (NSGC) members.
• 127 usable responses collected, including Likert-scale ratings of CT propensities.
• Factor analysis of propensities and thematic analysis of qualitative CT examples.

Main Results:

• Four factors of CT propensities identified: Control, Conflict Avoidance, Directiveness, Self-Regulation.
• Common CT triggers include patient similarity, anger, unmet expectations, and bad news disclosure.
• Manifestations include self-focus, projection, intense emotions, over-investment, disengagement, and physical reactions.

Conclusions:

• CT is a frequent occurrence in genetic counseling, affecting both routine and complex cases.
• Effective CT management strategies include recognition, self-reflection, and consultation.
• Integrating CT awareness and management into training and continuing education is recommended.