Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Confirmation Biases01:31

Confirmation Biases

8.5K
The confirmation bias is the tendency to focus on information that confirms our existing beliefs and ignore information that is inconsistent with our expectations. For example, if you think that your professor is not very nice, you notice all of the instances of rude behavior exhibited by the professor while ignoring the countless pleasant interactions he is involved in on a daily basis. Have you ever fallen prey to the confirmation bias, either as the source or target of such bias?
8.5K
Stereotype Threat and Self-fulfilling Prophecies02:09

Stereotype Threat and Self-fulfilling Prophecies

43.1K
When we hold a stereotype about a person, we have expectations that he or she will fulfill that stereotype. A self-fulfilling prophecy is an expectation held by a person that alters his or her behavior in a way that tends to make it true. When we hold stereotypes about a person, we tend to treat the person according to our expectations. This treatment can influence the person to act according to our stereotypic expectations, thus confirming our stereotypic beliefs. Research by Rosenthal and...
43.1K
Motivational Bias01:25

Motivational Bias

453
Cognitive bias results from limitations in thinking and information processing, leading to systematic errors in judgment. Conversely, motivational bias stems from personal desires or emotions, causing distortions in perception to align with self-interest. Motivational bias influences how individuals perceive and attribute causes to events, often shaped by personal needs, goals, and self-esteem preservation. This bias can distort judgment, leading to inaccurate assessments of success, failure,...
453
Group Polarization01:01

Group Polarization

39.3K
Group polarization is the strengthening of an original group attitude following the discussion of views within a group (Teger & Pruitt, 1967). That is, if a group initially favors a viewpoint, after discussion the group consensus is likely a stronger endorsement of the viewpoint. Conversely, if the group was initially opposed to a viewpoint, group discussion would likely lead to stronger opposition.
39.3K
Stereotype Content Model02:16

Stereotype Content Model

15.6K
The Stereotype Content Model (SCM) was first proposed by Susan Fiske and her colleagues (Fiske, Cuddy, Glick & Xu, 2002; see also Fiske, 2012 and Fiske, 2017). The SCM specifies that when someone encounters a new group, they will stereotype them based on two metrics: warmth—or that group’s perceived intent, and how likely they are to provide help or inflict harm—and competence—or their ability to carry out that objective. Depending on the warmth-competence...
15.6K
Bias01:22

Bias

7.8K
Bias refers to any tendency that prevents a question from being considered unprejudiced. In research, bias occurs when one outcome or answer is selected or encouraged over others in sampling or testing. Bias can occur during any research phase, including study design, data collection, analysis, and publication.
In statistics, a sampling bias is created when a sample is collected from a population, and some members of the population are not as likely to be chosen as others (remember, each member...
7.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Feline heartworm disease in endemic settings: an integrated diagnostic approach.

Research in veterinary science·2026
Same author

Iron accumulation in the substantia nigra is linked to functional network connectivity alterations in early-stage Parkinson's Disease: an exploratory study.

NPJ Parkinson's disease·2026
Same author

Further evaluations on the use of body condition score as target selective treatment criterion to control subclinical gastrointestinal nematode infections on dairy sheep.

Research in veterinary science·2026
Same author

Entomological survey of Dirofilaria spp. in Sardinia (Italy): molecular detection and mosquito species distribution.

Parasites & vectors·2026
Same author

Neurotropic parasites of small companion animals: an overlooked neurological concern.

Parasitology·2026
Same author

Graphene-Based 3D Scaffolds in Bone Regeneration: Emerging Opportunities for MRONJ Treatment.

Pharmaceutics·2026
Same journal

Correction: A method for supervoxel-wise association studies of age and other non-imaging variables from coronary computed tomography angiograms.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

Poly(bromophenol blue)/CoSn(OH)<sub>6</sub> cubic particles modified pencil graphite electrode for electrochemical determination of diphenhydramine.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

Dietary Chlorella, Spirulina, and acidifier modulate jejunal cytokine-related gene expression in broiler chickens.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

Perceived physical activity barriers in university students: associations with fatigue and eating behaviours.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

Refuge limitation structures habitat use in agricultural landscapes: evidence from Sunda pangolins.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

Lightweight stateless transaction verification with outsourced witness updates for UTXO blockchains.

Scientific reports·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 9, 2026

Post-Movie Subliminal Measurement PMSM, for Investigating Implicit Social Bias
09:03

Post-Movie Subliminal Measurement PMSM, for Investigating Implicit Social Bias

Published on: February 29, 2020

6.3K

Modeling confirmation bias and polarization.

Michela Del Vicario1, Antonio Scala1,2, Guido Caldarelli1

  • 1Laboratory of Computational Social Science, Networks Dept, IMT School for Advanced Studies, 55100 Lucca, Italy.

Scientific Reports
|January 12, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Online users exhibit confirmation bias, favoring beliefs and ignoring dissent, which fuels polarization. New mathematical models (UCM, RUCM) explain how online debates can lead to stable, coexisting opinions, unlike the Bounded Confidence Model (BCM).

More Related Videos

Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex to Experimentally Reduce Ideological Threat Responses
06:42

Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex to Experimentally Reduce Ideological Threat Responses

Published on: September 28, 2018

12.3K
A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments
08:12

A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments

Published on: March 1, 2022

3.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 9, 2026

Post-Movie Subliminal Measurement PMSM, for Investigating Implicit Social Bias
09:03

Post-Movie Subliminal Measurement PMSM, for Investigating Implicit Social Bias

Published on: February 29, 2020

6.3K
Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex to Experimentally Reduce Ideological Threat Responses
06:42

Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex to Experimentally Reduce Ideological Threat Responses

Published on: September 28, 2018

12.3K
A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments
08:12

A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments

Published on: March 1, 2022

3.0K

Area of Science:

  • Computational Social Science
  • Network Science
  • Mathematical Modeling

Background:

  • Online users exhibit confirmation bias, reinforcing their beliefs and ignoring dissenting information.
  • The internet facilitates the aggregation of like-minded individuals, potentially leading to group polarization and altered public opinion.
  • Understanding online social dynamics and polarization is crucial for analyzing public discourse.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and analyze mathematical models for online social debates and polarization dynamics.
  • To investigate how different interaction rules affect opinion formation and stability in online environments.
  • To explore models that can explain the coexistence of multiple stable opinions.

Main Methods:

  • Adaptation of the Bounded Confidence Model (BCM) with two new variations: Rewire with Bounded Confidence Model (RBCM) and Unbounded Confidence Model (UCM).
  • RBCM involves breaking discordant links until convergence.
  • UCM allows interaction between discordant users, with or without a rewiring step (RUCM).
  • Numerical simulations were conducted to analyze the models' behavior.
  • A mean field approximation was developed for the new models.

Main Results:

  • The proposed Unbounded Confidence Models (UCM and RUCM) successfully explain the coexistence of two stable final opinions, a phenomenon often observed in real-world online debates.
  • Unlike the standard Bounded Confidence Model (BCM), UCM and RUCM capture this complex dynamic.
  • Numerical simulations demonstrated the distinct outcomes of the modified models compared to the BCM.

Conclusions:

  • The Unbounded Confidence Models (UCM and RUCM) provide a more realistic framework for understanding online opinion dynamics and polarization.
  • These models highlight the impact of allowing interactions between users with differing viewpoints on the stability of public opinion.
  • The findings contribute to the mathematical understanding of social influence and opinion formation in digital environments.