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Antagonistic Functions of MBP and CNP Establish Cytosolic Channels in CNS Myelin

Nicolas Snaidero1, Caroline Velte2, Matti Myllykoski3

  • 1Cellular Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, 37075 Göttingen, Germany; Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, 80805 Munich, Germany.

Cell Reports
|January 12, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Oligodendrocytes use 2,

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Myelin sheath, formed by oligodendrocytes, is crucial for axonal insulation and function.
  • Recent evidence suggests myelin is metabolically active and communicates with axons.
  • Oligodendrocytes maintain cytoplasmic channels within myelin for neuron-glial interaction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular mechanisms maintaining cytoplasmic regions within the myelin sheath.
  • To understand how oligodendrocytes support axonal integrity through myelin.

Main Methods:

  • High-pressure freezing for electron microscopy to preserve native myelin structure.
  • Biochemical and imaging techniques to identify protein interactions within myelin.

Main Results:

  • 2,'3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (CNP) is essential for generating and maintaining myelin cytoplasm.
  • CNP directly interacts with and organizes the actin cytoskeleton.
  • This actin organization counteracts myelin basic protein (MBP)-induced membrane compaction.

Conclusions:

  • CNP plays a critical role in structuring myelin cytoplasm.
  • Myelin's cytoplasm is actively maintained to support axon-glial communication.
  • This provides a molecular framework for the axon-glial unit.
Keywords:
CNPMBPaxonsdemyelinating diseasesgliamyelinneurodegenerationoligodendrocytes

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