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Trends in CHD in Italy.

A Menotti1

  • 1Laboratory of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy.

International Journal of Epidemiology
|January 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality declined in Italy after the 1970s, with reduced coronary risk factors contributing significantly. Improved medical care and lifestyle changes also played a role in this positive trend.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular epidemiology
  • Public health trends
  • Italian health statistics

Background:

  • Coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality rates in Italy showed an upward trend post-World War II.
  • Dietary shifts towards Westernized habits and increased serum cholesterol levels contributed to rising CHD.
  • This trend reversed in the mid-1970s, with a notable decline in CHD mortality observed until the early 1980s.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the trends in coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality in Italy.
  • To investigate the contributing factors behind the observed changes in CHD mortality rates.
  • To assess the impact of risk factor modifications and medical advancements on CHD outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of national mortality data for coronary heart disease (CHD).
  • Estimation of changes in coronary risk factors from national sample data.
  • Evaluation of trends in smoking, body weight, blood pressure, and hypertension control.
  • Consideration of indirect evidence for the impact of medical care.

Main Results:

  • CHD mortality decreased by 16% in men and 27.1% in women from the mid-1970s to the early 1980s.
  • A decrease in estimated coronary risk (10% in males, 13% in females) theoretically explains about 60% of the mortality decline.
  • Modest reductions in smoking (men), body weight (women), and blood pressure (both sexes) were observed, alongside better hypertension management.

Conclusions:

  • The decline in CHD mortality in Italy is significantly linked to reduced coronary risk factors.
  • Improvements in hypertension control and potentially enhanced medical care contributed to favorable outcomes.
  • Public health interventions and lifestyle modifications appear effective in mitigating CHD burden.

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