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Published on: December 15, 2011
Celiac disease: a clinical review.
Badr Al-Bawardy1, D Chamil Codipilly2, Alberto Rubio-Tapia3
1Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street, S.W., Rochester, MN, 55905, USA. albawardy.badr@mayo.edu.
Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated enteropathy affecting 1% of the US population. Diagnosis involves serology and biopsies, with a gluten-free diet as primary treatment.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Immunology
- Genetics
Background:
- Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated inflammatory enteropathy.
- It is triggered by gluten in genetically susceptible individuals.
- CD affects approximately 1% of the US population and often presents atypically.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize the key aspects of celiac disease diagnosis and management.
- To highlight the importance of considering CD in patients with varied symptoms.
Main Methods:
- Diagnosis relies on a combination of serum antibody testing (serologies).
- Confirmatory diagnosis is established through duodenal biopsies.
- Clinical response to a gluten-free diet is assessed.
Main Results:
- The majority of patients respond well to a lifelong gluten-free diet.
- Early diagnosis is crucial due to potential atypical presentations.
- Complications are rare but serious, including refractory CD and cancers.
Conclusions:
- Celiac disease requires a high index of suspicion for accurate diagnosis.
- A gluten-free diet is the essential therapy for managing celiac disease.
- Awareness of potential complications is important for patient care.
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