Feeding Problems and Nutrient Intake in Children with and without Autism: A Comparative Study

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Nutrition
• Developmental Disorders
• Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)

Background:

• Feeding difficulties and nutritional inadequacies are common in children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD).
• Understanding these challenges is crucial for appropriate management and support.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare parent-reported feeding difficulties and nutritional status in children with ASD versus typically developing children.
• To identify specific dietary deficiencies in children with ASD.

Main Methods:

• A comparative study involving 63 children with ASD and 50 typically developing children from North India.
• Utilized the Children's Eating Behavior Inventory (CEBI), three-day food records, and anthropometric measurements.
• Assessed the adequacy of micro- and macro-nutrient intake.

Main Results:

• Parents of ASD children reported significantly more feeding concerns (79%) compared to controls (64%).
• ASD children exhibited higher CEBI scores and more feeding problems.
• ASD children consumed fewer food items, particularly fruits, vegetables, and proteins, and had lower intake of potassium, copper, and folate. A greater proportion failed to meet requirements for thiamine, vitamin C, and copper.

Conclusions:

• Children with ASD face significant eating problems and nutritional deficiencies.
• Comprehensive assessment and evidence-based interventions are necessary for addressing these issues in children with ASD.