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Negative affect mediates the relation between trait urgency and behavioral distress tolerance.

Allison M Borges1, Jennifer Dahne2, Aaron C Lim3

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park.

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Trait urgency, the tendency to act impulsively with emotional changes, predicts lower distress tolerance. Greater negative affect change mediates this link, suggesting urgency impacts emotional regulation and persistence.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Distress tolerance is crucial for mental health, impacting psychopathology and risk-taking.
  • Individual differences in distress tolerance are not fully understood.
  • Trait urgency, the tendency toward impulsive action during emotional shifts, may influence distress tolerance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mediating role of affect change in the relationship between trait urgency and distress tolerance.
  • To examine the influence of both positive and negative urgency on affect change.
  • To understand how broader urgency traits contribute to distress tolerance.

Main Methods:

  • Examined trait urgency (positive and negative) and its association with distress tolerance.
  • Assessed changes in negative affect during a stressor.
  • Utilized mediation analysis to test the proposed model.

Main Results:

  • Greater change in negative affect mediated the link between both positive and negative urgency and distress tolerance.
  • Trait urgency, irrespective of valence, was associated with increased affect change.
  • Increased affect change undermined the ability to tolerate distress.

Conclusions:

  • Trait urgency, characterized by impulsive responses to emotional shifts, negatively impacts distress tolerance.
  • The magnitude of negative affect change is a key mechanism linking urgency to reduced distress tolerance.
  • Findings suggest targets for behavioral interventions aimed at improving distress tolerance.