Enhancement of entanglement using cascaded four-wave mixing processes

A maximal joint quadrature squeezing of -6.8±0.4  dB is experimentally obtained by a scheme of cascaded four-wave mixing (FWM) processes, which gives strong proof about the inseparability or entanglement between output of the twin beams from the system. Here joint quadrature is the difference between the two quadratures of the twin beam output from the cascaded FWM processes. This result is enhanced by about 3.1 dB, compared with the one of the single FWM process. We also study the gain dependence of the entanglement enhancement in this cascaded system. Theoretical predictions with the considerations of the losses in the experiment are also studied, and a similar trend in the low-gain regime can be found between the experimental results and the theoretical predictions. The scheme of cascaded FWM processes, which can be used to improve or even manipulate the degree of the entanglement between the output fields from the single FWM process, may find its applications in the continuous-variable quantum communication protocols.