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Formation of the Platelet Plug01:22

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Updated: Mar 8, 2026

Comprehensive Analysis of Procoagulant Platelets Exhibiting Features of Necrosis, Apoptosis and Platelet Activation
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Ethanol Induces Platelet Apoptosis.

Lei Liu1, Mengxing Chen1, Lili Zhao1

  • 1Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Ministry of Health, Suzhou, China.

Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research
|January 13, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ethanol induces programmed cell death in platelets, leading to reduced platelet counts and impaired blood clotting. This explains bleeding complications associated with acute alcohol intoxication.

Keywords:
ApoptosisEthanolPlatelet

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Hematology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Alcohol abuse is linked to bleeding disorders, but the mechanisms are not fully understood.
  • Alcohol induces apoptosis in various cell types, but its effect on platelets is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether ethanol induces apoptosis in human platelets.
  • To determine the in vivo effects of ethanol on platelet count and hemostasis in mice.

Main Methods:

  • Human platelets were treated with ethanol (EtOH) to assess apoptosis and function.
  • Mice received EtOH via gavage to examine platelet counts, bleeding time, and gastric mucosa.

Main Results:

  • Ethanol induced mitochondrial depolarization, altered Bax/Bcl-2 expression, and activated caspase-3 in platelets.
  • Ethanol reduced platelet aggregation and prolonged bleeding time in mice, causing gastric hemorrhage.
  • Ethanol activated c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase in platelets.

Conclusions:

  • Ethanol triggers mitochondria-mediated intrinsic platelet apoptosis.
  • This apoptosis leads to decreased circulating platelets and impaired hemostasis.
  • Findings suggest a mechanism for hemorrhagic symptoms in acute alcohol intoxication.