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Interoception and psychopathology: A developmental neuroscience perspective.

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Interoception, the body

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Psychopathology

Background:

  • Interoception, the perception of internal bodily states, is crucial for higher-order cognition and emotional awareness.
  • Low interoceptive sensitivity is linked to alexithymia, highlighting the body-emotion connection.
  • The developmental course of interoception across the lifespan is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the existing literature on interoception across developmental stages: infancy, childhood, adolescence, and late adulthood.
  • To discuss the relevance of interoception for developmental psychopathology and measurement challenges.
  • To propose a theoretical framework for atypical interoception in psychopathology and socio-emotional competence.

Main Methods:

  • Qualitative review and opinion paper.
  • Survey of existing research on interoception across the lifespan.
  • Utilizing the link between alexithymia and interoception to infer atypical interoceptive development.

Main Results:

  • Interoceptive ability shows significant variation across developmental stages.
  • These variations correlate with age-related cognitive changes and critical periods for psychopathology.
  • Atypical interoception may underlie adolescent risk-taking behaviors and reduced socio-emotional competence in older adults.

Conclusions:

  • Interoception's developmental trajectory is linked to cognitive and emotional development.
  • Understanding interoceptive development is key to addressing psychopathology across the lifespan.
  • Atypical interoception offers a potential explanatory mechanism for various developmental and age-related psychological challenges.