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Preschool Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Children with Congenital Heart Disease

Cheryl L Brosig1, Laurel Bear1, Sydney Allen2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI; Herma Heart Center, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI.

The Journal of Pediatrics
|January 14, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Children with congenital heart disease (CHD) and genetic conditions face the highest neurodevelopmental risks. Mild deficits in children with CHD alone may require formal follow-up testing for detection.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Neurodevelopmental Pediatrics
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Complex congenital heart disease (CHD) affects neurodevelopmental outcomes.
  • Longitudinal follow-up is recommended by major pediatric organizations.
  • Identifying neurodevelopmental predictors is crucial for early intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe preschool neurodevelopmental outcomes in children with complex CHD.
  • To identify predictors of neurodevelopmental outcomes in this population.
  • To inform follow-up care strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated 102 children (4-5 years old) with high-risk CHD.
  • Utilized standardized neuropsychological assessments and parent-reported functioning.
  • Compared outcomes across single ventricle (1V), two ventricle (2V), and CHD with genetic conditions groups.

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in neurodevelopmental scores between 1V and 2V groups.
  • Both 1V and 2V groups showed mild deficits in fine motor and adaptive behavior skills.
  • Children with CHD and genetic conditions exhibited significantly worse outcomes across most measures compared to other groups and norms.

Conclusions:

  • Children with CHD and co-occurring genetic conditions are at the highest neurodevelopmental risk.
  • Mild deficits in children with CHD without genetic conditions may be missed without formal longitudinal assessment.
  • Enhanced education for parents and providers on developmental follow-up for children with CHD is essential.
Abstract

Keywords:
assessment and surveillancechild developmentcongenital heart disease/defectsdevelopmental follow-updevelopmental outcomes

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