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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 8, 2026

Quantification of Monocyte Transmigration and Foam Cell Formation from Individuals with Chronic Inflammatory Conditions

Quantification of Monocyte Transmigration and Foam Cell Formation from Individuals with Chronic Inflammatory Conditions

Published on: October 17, 2017

Cellular cholesterol regulates monocyte deformation.

Amit K Saha¹, Shatha F Dallo¹, Ariana L Detmar¹

¹Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States.

Journal of Biomechanics

|January 14, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Altering cholesterol levels in monocytes significantly impacts their mechanical properties and behavior. Lowering cholesterol reduces cell deformability, while enrichment increases it, revealing crucial biophysical insights.

Keywords:

Cell deformability Cell stiffness Cytoskeleton Membrane fluidity Microfluidics Spreading

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Area of Science:

Biophysics
Cell Biology
Biochemistry

Background:

Cholesterol's link to atherosclerosis and monocyte/macrophage function is known.
The specific impact of cholesterol on monocyte biomechanics is understudied.
Cholesterol affects the biophysical properties of various cell types.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate how cholesterol content influences monocyte deformability.
To elucidate the molecular mechanisms behind these biomechanical changes.
To understand the role of biophysical regulation in monocyte response to cholesterol.

Main Methods:

Utilized a human monocytic cell line (THP-1).
Manipulated intracellular cholesterol levels (depletion and enrichment).
Assessed monocyte deformability using microfluidics and atomic force microscopy.

Main Results:

Cholesterol depletion decreased monocyte deformability; enrichment increased it.
Altered deformability led to changes in cell morphology and spreading on collagen.
Decreased deformability in depleted cells was linked to increased Protein Kinase C (PKC) phosphorylation and actin polymerization.

Conclusions:

Monocyte biomechanics are significantly regulated by cholesterol content.
Cholesterol influences monocyte deformability through PKC signaling and actin dynamics.
These findings underscore the importance of cellular biophysics in cholesterol-related diseases like atherosclerosis.