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Related Concept Videos

Hindsight Biases01:12

Hindsight Biases

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Hindsight bias leads you to believe that the event you just experienced was predictable, even though it really wasn’t. In other words, you knew all along that things would turn out the way they did. Can you relate this to the phrase "Hindsight is 20/20" now? 
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Stereotype Threat and Self-fulfilling Prophecies02:09

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When we hold a stereotype about a person, we have expectations that he or she will fulfill that stereotype. A self-fulfilling prophecy is an expectation held by a person that alters his or her behavior in a way that tends to make it true. When we hold stereotypes about a person, we tend to treat the person according to our expectations. This treatment can influence the person to act according to our stereotypic expectations, thus confirming our stereotypic beliefs. Research by Rosenthal and...
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Confirmation Biases01:31

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The confirmation bias is the tendency to focus on information that confirms our existing beliefs and ignore information that is inconsistent with our expectations. For example, if you think that your professor is not very nice, you notice all of the instances of rude behavior exhibited by the professor while ignoring the countless pleasant interactions he is involved in on a daily basis. Have you ever fallen prey to the confirmation bias, either as the source or target of such bias?
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Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping02:05

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People can go to great lengths to protect their self-image and present themselves in ways that they want others to see them. Sociologist Erving Goffman presented the idea that a person is like an actor on a stage. Calling his theory dramaturgy, Goffman believed that we use “impression management” to present ourselves to others as we hope to be perceived. Each situation is a new scene, and individuals perform different roles depending on who is present (Goffman, 1959). Think about...
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False Memories01:18

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False memories represent a cognitive distortion in which individuals recall events that did not happen, or remember them in an altered form. This phenomenon highlights the brain's constructive nature in processing and recalling memories, emphasizing that memory is not a perfect representation of past events but rather a dynamic reconstruction influenced by various factors.
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Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification03:00

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Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
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Time-Lapse Epifluorescence Microscopy Imaging of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus Heterogeneous Phenotypes
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Persistent Persister Misperceptions.

Jun-Seob Kim1, Thomas K Wood1

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park PA, USA.

Frontiers in Microbiology
|January 14, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Persister cells survive antibiotics by entering a dormant, non-metabolic state, not through genetic mutations. This review clarifies historical misunderstandings about these resilient bacterial cells.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Bacterial Physiology
  • Antibiotic Resistance

Background:

  • Persister cells are a subpopulation of microorganisms exhibiting transient resistance to antibiotics.
  • Early research (Hobby et al., 1942; Bigger, 1944) indicated dormancy, not genetic alteration, as the basis for survival.
  • Decades of research have introduced misperceptions regarding the mechanisms of persister cell survival.

Conclusions:

  • Revisiting foundational research is crucial for correcting widespread misconceptions about persister cells.
  • Accurate understanding of persister cell dormancy is essential for advancing antibiotic tolerance research.
  • Critical evaluation of manuscripts is needed to prevent the perpetuation of inaccuracies in the field.
Keywords:
antimicrobial tolerancepersister cells

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