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Cryptococcus laurentii diarrhea post hematopoietic stem cell transplant.

Vivek Bhat1, Hemant Vira1, Navin Khattry2

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Summary

This study details the first reported case of diarrhea caused by Cryptococcus laurentii in a patient undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). Treatment with voriconazole was effective, suggesting its potential role in post-transplant infections.

Keywords:
BMTC. laurentiiCryptococcusdiarrheainfection

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Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients are immunocompromised and susceptible to opportunistic infections.
  • Cryptococcus species are known fungal pathogens, with Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii being the most common causes of cryptococcosis.

Observation:

  • Cryptococcus laurentii was isolated from the stool of a patient with Hodgkin's lymphoma post-autologous HSCT.
  • The patient presented with diarrhea, and C. laurentii was identified through standard microbiological and biochemical methods.

Findings:

  • The study confirmed the etiological role of C. laurentii in the patient's diarrhea through pure culture recovery and response to antifungal therapy.
  • Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of various antifungals were determined, with voriconazole showing efficacy.

Implications:

  • This case highlights C. laurentii as a potential opportunistic pathogen in HSCT recipients, expanding the spectrum of known Cryptococcus-related infections.
  • Early identification and appropriate antifungal treatment, such as voriconazole, are crucial for managing C. laurentii infections in immunocompromised patients.