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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

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Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
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Tonsillitis I: Introduction01:30

Tonsillitis I: Introduction

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Tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils, which are two lymphoid tissue masses at the back of the throat. This condition can cause discomfort and irritation in the throat.
Etiology
Three primary contributing factors have been identified.
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

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Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
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Tonsillitis II: Management01:26

Tonsillitis II: Management

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This lesson will focus on the different treatment options for managing tonsillitis, which typically depend on the cause and severity.
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

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Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

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Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 8, 2026

Endaural Endoscopic Atticoantrotomy Retrograde Mastoidectomy using a Constant Suction Bone-drilling Technique
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Tuberculous Otomastoiditis.

Jonathan M Hand1,2, George A Pankey1

  • 1Department of Infectious Diseases, Ochsner Clinic Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70121.

Microbiology Spectrum
|January 14, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Tuberculous otomastoiditis is a rare infection affecting the ear and mastoid, often seen in endemic regions. Treatment requires surgery and prolonged antituberculosis therapy for successful outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Otolaryngology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Tuberculous otitis media and mastoiditis (tuberculous otomastoiditis) is a rare infectious condition.
  • It is more prevalent in tuberculosis-endemic countries but occurs sporadically in the United States.
  • Infection can arise from Eustachian tube aspiration, nasopharyngeal spread from pulmonary tuberculosis, or hematogenous dissemination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment of tuberculous otomastoiditis.
  • To highlight the importance of considering tuberculosis in otomastoiditis cases, especially in endemic areas or with specific clinical presentations.

Main Methods:

  • Diagnosis relies on direct culture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
  • Molecular techniques are increasingly utilized for identification.

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  • Clinical presentation and treatment outcomes are reviewed.

    • Main Results:

    • Common symptoms include chronic otorrhea and hearing loss.
    • Extensive tympanic membrane perforation and facial nerve paralysis are frequently observed.
    • Diagnosis confirmation through microbiological or molecular methods is crucial.

    Conclusions:

    • Tuberculous otomastoiditis necessitates a combination of surgical intervention and extended antituberculosis chemotherapy.
    • Early and accurate diagnosis is vital for effective management and preventing complications.