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Flow separation on flapping and rotating profiles with spanwise gradients.

J G Wong1, B P laBastide, D E Rival

  • 1Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada.

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|January 14, 2017
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Spanwise flow significantly impacts leading-edge vortex (LEV) growth on flapping and rotating wings. By controlling vorticity gradients, researchers can enhance lift and reduce unsteady loads, optimizing aerodynamic performance.

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Area of Science:

  • Aerodynamics
  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Bio-inspired Engineering

Background:

  • Leading-edge vortices (LEV) are crucial for lift generation in unsteady aerodynamics, particularly in flapping and rotating systems.
  • Understanding the influence of time-varying angle-of-attack gradients and spanwise flow on LEV dynamics is essential for aerodynamic efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally investigate the growth of leading-edge vortices (LEV) on profiles with time-varying spanwise angle-of-attack.
  • To analyze how spanwise flow interacts with vorticity gradients to redistribute circulation and affect LEV growth rates.
  • To determine the implications for force augmentation and load reduction in flapping and rotating systems.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental investigation of leading-edge vortex (LEV) growth on analogous flapping and rotating profiles.
  • Three time-varying cases were studied: spanwise-uniform angle-of-attack variation, increasing angle-of-attack towards the tip, and increasing angle-of-attack towards the root.
  • Analysis of vorticity gradients, spanwise flow, and circulation redistribution along the profile.

Main Results:

  • A time-varying spanwise angle-of-attack gradient, combined with spanwise flow, redistributes circulation along the profile.
  • Replicating rotor-like conditions (increasing angle-of-attack towards the root) increased local circulation and LEV growth rate, suggesting force augmentation.
  • Reversing this gradient (flapping-like) reduced local circulation, demonstrating control over LEV dynamics.

Conclusions:

  • Spanwise flow can be strategically arranged to modulate LEV growth rates.
  • Controlling spanwise flow and vorticity gradients can prolong lift augmentation and reduce unsteady cyclic loads in aerodynamic applications.
  • Findings offer insights into optimizing performance for both bio-inspired flapping flight and engineered rotating systems.