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Designer Drugs 2.0.

M A Huestis1,2, R F Tyndale3

  • 1Chemistry and Drug Metabolism, IRP, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
|January 14, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Novel psychoactive substances and repurposed drugs offer therapeutic potential but pose significant health risks. This research explores their dual nature, addressing challenges like adverse events and abuse liability alongside promising clinical applications.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Neuroscience
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Focuses on novel psychoactive substances (NPS), including synthetic cannabinoids and cathinones, and the repurposing of established psychoactive compounds.
  • NPS were initially research tools but are now used illicitly and explored for clinical efficacy.
  • Established psychoactive drugs are being repurposed for conditions with unmet therapeutic needs.

Discussion:

  • Examines challenges posed by designer drugs: adverse events, psychosis, rapid synthesis, abuse potential, online sales, and regulatory scheduling.
  • Highlights the dual-use nature of these substances, presenting both therapeutic promise and significant health concerns.
  • Discusses the complex pharmacology of NPS, such as synthetic cannabinoids exhibiting higher potency at cannabinoid receptors than Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol.

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Key Insights:

  • Synthetic cannabinoids demonstrate significantly higher potency at cannabinoid receptors compared to Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol.
  • Repurposed psychoactive compounds are being investigated for conditions like cognition enhancement, epilepsy, and post-traumatic stress disorder.
  • The illicit use and therapeutic potential of NPS necessitate careful evaluation of their risks and benefits.

Outlook:

  • Further research is needed to understand the long-term effects and abuse liability of NPS.
  • Development of effective regulatory strategies is crucial to mitigate the harms associated with designer drugs.
  • Continued investigation into the therapeutic applications of repurposed psychoactive substances holds promise for novel treatments.