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Viscoelastic nematodynamics.

Stefano S Turzi1

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|January 14, 2017
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Summary
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This study introduces a viscoelastic model for nematic liquid crystals, explaining their solid-like acoustic behaviors and non-Newtonian fluid properties. The model captures frequency-dependent sound velocity and viscosity, crucial for understanding these complex materials.

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Area of Science:

  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Nematic liquid crystals display unique properties, blending crystalline and fluid characteristics.
  • Acoustic wave propagation reveals solid-like behaviors, including frequency-dependent sound velocity and attenuation.
  • Non-Newtonian fluid dynamics are observed through frequency-dependent viscosity in nematics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a comprehensive viscoelastic model for nematic liquid crystals.
  • To incorporate compressibility, anisotropic elasticity, and dynamic relaxation effects.
  • To analyze phenomena at various shear rates and frequencies.

Main Methods:

  • Formulation of a viscoelastic model extending previous theories.
  • Inclusion of compressibility, anisotropic elasticity, and dynamic relaxation.
  • Analysis of low- and intermediate-frequency regimes.

Main Results:

  • The model accurately describes frequency-dependent sound velocity and acoustic attenuation.
  • It captures the relaxation mechanisms of finite shear and bulk elastic moduli.
  • Uniaxial symmetry restricts the system to four distinct relaxation times.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed viscoelastic model effectively explains the complex hydrodynamic behavior of nematic liquid crystals.
  • The model provides a unified framework for understanding both acoustic and flow properties.
  • It highlights the critical role of dynamic relaxation and anisotropic elasticity.