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An Activation Threshold Model for Response Inhibition.

Hayley J MacDonald1,2, Angus J C McMorland1,2, Cathy M Stinear2,3

  • 1Movement Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Sport & Exercise Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.

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|January 14, 2017
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Summary

Reactive response inhibition (RI) involves canceling a prepared action. Our study shows nonselective inhibition, not a selective neural mechanism, explains delays in partial response cancellation.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Computational Modeling

Background:

  • Reactive response inhibition (RI) is crucial for adapting behavior.
  • The neural mechanisms underlying selective RI remain debated.
  • Partial RI involves canceling one component of a prepared multi-component response, leading to delays.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and test a computational Activation Threshold Model (ATM) for RI.
  • To differentiate between selective and nonselective inhibition mechanisms in partial RI.
  • To explain the modulation of corticomotor excitability during partial RI.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a computational Activation Threshold Model (ATM) and a classical "horse-race" model.
  • Utilized behavioral and neurophysiological data from partial RI experiments.
  • Fit model predictions to experimental data using Pearson Chi-square minimization.

Main Results:

  • The ATM provided a better fit to behavioral and neurophysiological data than the "horse-race" model.
  • ATM suggests partial RI is driven by nonselective inhibition, raising the activation threshold.
  • This nonselective inhibition necessitates a secondary facilitation phase to initiate the executed response component.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed ATM offers a mechanistic explanation for partial RI.
  • Partial movement cancellation results from nonselective inhibition followed by a new response initiation.
  • The ATM provides a framework for exploring neuroanatomical constraints in RI.