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Vibrio cholerae: Model Organism to Study Bacterial Pathogenesis - Interview
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A Periplasmic Polymer Curves Vibrio cholerae and Promotes Pathogenesis.

Thomas M Bartlett1, Benjamin P Bratton2, Amit Duvshani1

  • 1Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.

Cell
|January 14, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers discovered CrvA, a periskeletal element in Vibrio cholerae, responsible for cell curvature. This finding explains how the bacterium achieves its shape and enhances its motility and pathogenesis.

Keywords:
bacterial cytoskeletoncell shapefluorescent D-amino acidspathogenesispeptidoglycanperiskeletonquantitative cell biology

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Cell Biology
  • Bacterial Pathogenesis

Background:

  • Pathogenic Vibrio cholerae poses a significant human health risk.
  • The characteristic curved rod morphology of V. cholerae and its underlying mechanism were previously unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize the molecular determinants of V. cholerae cell curvature.
  • To elucidate the mechanism and functional significance of bacterial cell shape.

Main Methods:

  • Identification and characterization of CrvA, a novel curvature determinant.
  • Development of QuASAR (quantitative analysis of sacculus architecture remodeling) to measure peptidoglycan dynamics.
  • Analysis of crvA quorum regulation and its impact on cell density.

Main Results:

  • CrvA self-assembles into periplasmic filaments, acting as a periskeletal element.
  • QuASAR revealed CrvA drives asymmetric peptidoglycan insertion, causing cell curvature.
  • CrvA expression is quorum-regulated, with increased curvature at high cell densities.

Conclusions:

  • CrvA is the first identified determinant of V. cholerae curvature, functioning as a periskeletal element.
  • Asymmetric peptidoglycan insertion mediated by CrvA is the mechanism of curvature formation.
  • CrvA enhances V. cholerae motility in hydrogels and contributes to host colonization and pathogenesis.