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Antibiotic knowledge and self-medication practices in a developing country: A cross-sectional study.

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Antibiotic self-medication in Lebanon is linked to lower education and poor knowledge. Public awareness campaigns and stricter dispensing laws are crucial to combat antibiotic misuse and resistance.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Self-medication with antibiotics is a significant global issue contributing to antibiotic overuse, misuse, and resistance, as recognized by the World Health Organization.
  • Understanding public knowledge and self-medication practices is vital for developing targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the level of knowledge regarding antibiotics.
  • To evaluate the prevalence of self-medication with antibiotics among the adult population in Lebanon.
  • To identify factors associated with antibiotic self-medication.

Main Methods:

  • A survey was conducted among adults (≥18 years) in two major Lebanese cities.
  • Healthcare professionals were excluded from the study sample.
  • Data on antibiotic knowledge and self-medication practices were collected via questionnaires.

Main Results:

  • A total of 400 questionnaires were completed, with 72% of respondents aged 18-45 and 86% having at least a high school education.
  • While 83% recognized that antibiotic misuse leads to microbial resistance, 61% incorrectly believed antibiotics should treat the common cold.
  • Self-medication correlated significantly with lower educational attainment (P=.036) and inadequate antibiotic knowledge (P=.002), leading to inappropriate treatment duration.

Conclusions:

  • Antibiotic self-medication in Lebanon is associated with educational level and knowledge gaps.
  • Targeted public awareness campaigns and robust enforcement of medication dispensing regulations are necessary to curb self-medication practices.