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Updated: Mar 8, 2026

Fecal Glucocorticoid Analysis: Non-invasive Adrenal Monitoring in Equids

Fecal Glucocorticoid Analysis: Non-invasive Adrenal Monitoring in Equids

Published on: April 25, 2016

Challenges in detecting substances for equine anti-doping.

A G Fragkaki¹, N Kioukia-Fougia¹, P Kiousi¹

¹Doping Control Laboratory of Athens, Olympic Athletic Center of Athens 'Spyros Louis', 37 Kifisias Avenue, 15123, Maroussi, Greece.

Drug Testing and Analysis

|January 15, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Detecting drug use in equine sports is challenging due to varying regulations and emerging substances. Advanced analytical methods and

Keywords:

doping control gas chromatography horse racing liquid chromatography mass spectrometry

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Area of Science:

Equine Sports Science
Analytical Chemistry
Pharmacology

Background:

Doping, the artificial enhancement of horses' physical capabilities with drugs, is prevalent in racing and equestrian sports.
Prohibited substances, including illicit and therapeutic drugs, are regulated differently across countries, complicating doping control.
The lack of a unified international anti-doping framework for equine sports leads to inconsistencies in regulations and enforcement.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent literature (2012-2016) on challenges in equine anti-doping control.
To highlight the detection of diverse prohibited substances, including designer drugs, peptides, and noble gases.
To explore the role of advanced analytical techniques and 'omics' in combating doping.

Main Methods:

Literature review of scientific publications from 2012 to mid-2016.
Focus on analytical methods for detecting parent drugs and metabolites in horse biological samples (urine, plasma).
Examination of emerging analytical approaches, including 'omics' techniques like metabolomics.

Main Results:

Challenges include detecting novel designer drugs (anabolic steroids, stimulants), peptides, and noble gases.
Chromatographic/mass spectrometric techniques are primary analytical tools for drug detection.
'Omics' techniques, particularly metabolomics, show promise for identifying drug abuse patterns.
Variations in national regulations and the absence of a single governing body pose significant hurdles.

Conclusions:

Effective equine anti-doping requires robust analytical methods capable of detecting a wide range of substances.
Harmonization of international regulations and a unified approach to doping control are crucial.
'Omics' technologies and advancements in instrumental analysis are vital for future doping detection strategies.