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Updated: Mar 8, 2026

Characterizing the Relationship Between Eye Movement Parameters and Cognitive Functions in Non-demented Parkinson's Disease Patients with Eye Tracking
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Gender differences in Parkinson's disease depression.

Andrew J Perrin1, Ekaterina Nosova2, Kim Co2

  • 1Research Track Residency, Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada; Pacific Parkinson's Research Centre, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada.

Parkinsonism & Related Disorders
|January 17, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Parkinson's disease (PD) depression presents differently in men and women. Women show unique depressive symptoms, while men exhibit classical PD depression factors like apathy. This highlights the need for gender-specific approaches in PD depression research and treatment.

Keywords:
Beck depression inventoryDepressionGenderParkinson's diseaseRecursive partitioning

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Psychiatry
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Depression affects 30-40% of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients.
  • Identifying depression subtypes and at-risk groups in PD is clinically challenging.
  • Gender-specific depression profiles in PD remain underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate gender-specific depression profiles in a large cohort of clinical Parkinson's disease patients.
  • To identify distinct clinical and demographic factors associated with depression in PD, stratified by gender.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 307 patient records from a tertiary referral center.
  • Utilized recursive partitioning analysis on Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scores.
  • Differentiated depressed (BDI ≥14) from non-depressed (BDI ≤13) patients, including gender-specific analyses.

Main Results:

  • Identified a core subset of BDI items for partitioning depressed from non-depressed PD patients.
  • Men with PD depression showed prominent classical factors (apathy, loss of libido).
  • Women with PD depression were distinguished by melancholy and unique factors not previously central to PD depression.

Conclusions:

  • Parkinson's disease depression exhibits distinct gender-specific profiles.
  • A female-specific depressive profile in PD may be under-appreciated.
  • Further research is needed to inform gender-tailored PD depression diagnosis and treatment.