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Suspected Pulmonary Infection with Trichoderma longibrachiatum after Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation

Tomoaki Akagi1, Chizuko Kawamura, Norio Terasawa

  • 1Department of Hematology, Aomori Prefectural Central Hospital, Japan.

Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan)
|January 17, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Trichoderma longibrachiatum, a saprophytic fungus, is an emerging pathogen causing invasive pulmonary infections in immunocompromised patients. This case highlights successful treatment of a T. longibrachiatum infection with liposomal amphotericin B.

Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) pose significant risks to immunocompromised individuals.
  • Aspergillus and Candida species are common causes of IFIs.
  • Emerging fungal pathogens, including saprophytic fungi, are increasingly recognized.

Observation:

  • A case of invasive pulmonary infection caused by Trichoderma longibrachiatum is reported.
  • The patient was a 29-year-old male with severe aplastic anemia undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation.
  • Microscopic examination of respiratory samples revealed fungal septate hyphae.

Findings:

  • Trichoderma longibrachiatum was identified as the causative agent of invasive pulmonary infection.
  • The infection was successfully treated with liposomal amphotericin B at a dosage of 1 mg/kg/day.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the potential of T. longibrachiatum as an opportunistic pathogen in immunocompromised hosts.
  • Early diagnosis and appropriate antifungal therapy, such as liposomal amphotericin B, are crucial for managing these infections.
  • Further research is needed to understand the epidemiology and clinical spectrum of T. longibrachiatum infections.

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