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Gout in immigrant groups: a cohort study in Sweden.

Per Wändell1, Axel C Carlsson2,3, Xinjun Li4

  • 1Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Family Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Alfred Nobels Allé 23, SE-141 83, Huddinge, Sweden. per.wandell@ki.se.

Clinical Rheumatology
|January 17, 2017
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Summary

Gout risk varies significantly among immigrant groups in Sweden. Individuals from Iraq, Russia, and Africa showed the highest incidence, likely due to cardio-metabolic risk factors.

Keywords:
First-generation immigrantsGenderGoutNeighbourhoodSecond-generation immigrantsSocio-economic status

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Gout incidence is influenced by genetic and environmental factors.
  • Immigration patterns can alter disease prevalence within populations.
  • Understanding country of birth associations with gout is crucial for targeted public health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between country of birth and gout incidence in Sweden.
  • To identify specific immigrant groups with elevated gout risk.
  • To inform public health strategies for gout prevention in diverse populations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the entire Swedish population for a nationwide cohort study.
  • Defined gout based on registered diagnoses in the National Patient Register.
  • Employed Cox regression analysis to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), adjusting for multiple covariates.

Main Results:

  • Significant variations in gout risk were observed across different countries of birth.
  • Men from Iraq (HR 1.82) and Russia (HR 1.69) exhibited the highest gout risk compared to Swedish-born individuals.
  • Women from Africa (HR 2.23) and Hungary (HR 1.98) also showed substantially increased gout risk.
  • Lower gout risk was noted among individuals from Greece, Spain, Nordic countries (excluding Finland), and Latin America.

Conclusions:

  • Certain immigrant groups in Sweden face a disproportionately higher risk of developing gout.
  • The elevated risk is potentially linked to underlying cardio-metabolic risk factor profiles.
  • Public health initiatives should address these disparities and focus on high-risk immigrant populations.