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Sunshine vitamin and thyroid.

Immacolata Cristina Nettore1, Luigi Albano2, Paola Ungaro3

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Summary

Vitamin D, known for bone health, also impacts thyroid function and diseases. This review explores vitamin D

Keywords:
Graves’ diseaseHashimoto’s thyroiditisPost-partum thyroiditisThyroid cancerVitamin D

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Vitamin D traditionally linked to musculoskeletal health and calcium homeostasis.
  • Emerging evidence highlights widespread extra-skeletal actions of vitamin D.
  • Vitamin D's effects are mediated by the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and local activation by 1-α-hydroxylase.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the literature on the association between vitamin D and thyroid health.
  • To examine vitamin D's role in thyroid function, autoimmune thyroid diseases, and thyroid cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of studies investigating vitamin D and thyroid parameters.
  • Analysis of data on vitamin D levels in Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Graves' disease, and postpartum thyroiditis.
  • Evaluation of research on vitamin D's impact on thyroid cancer development and progression.

Main Results:

  • Data suggests a significant association between vitamin D status and various thyroid conditions.
  • Vitamin D deficiency is frequently observed in patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases.
  • Preliminary evidence indicates a potential role for vitamin D in thyroid cancer pathogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • Vitamin D plays a potentially significant role beyond its classical functions, extending to thyroid health.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the precise mechanisms and clinical implications of vitamin D in thyroid diseases.
  • Maintaining adequate vitamin D levels may be beneficial for thyroid health management.