Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Carbohydrates: Dietary Sources and Requirements01:15

Carbohydrates: Dietary Sources and Requirements

2.1K
Carbohydrates are predominantly obtained from plant sources. With the exception of lactose found in milk and insignificant glycogen amounts in meat, most consumed carbohydrates have plant origins. Monosaccharides and disaccharides, or sugars, can be sourced from fruits, honey, milk, sugar cane, and sugar beets. Grains and vegetables are rich in the polysaccharide starch. Two types of polysaccharides provide fiber: cellulose, which is abundant in many vegetables, forms undigestible roughage or...
2.1K
Overview of Carbohydrate Metabolism01:19

Overview of Carbohydrate Metabolism

4.0K
Carbohydrate metabolism is a fundamental biochemical process that ensures a constant supply of energy to living cells. The most important carbohydrate is glucose, which can be broken down via glycolysis to enter into the Krebs cycle and eventually lead to the production of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
Glucose transport into cells is facilitated by a family of transport proteins called GLUT (Glucose Transporters). GLUT4 is the primary glucose transporter for insulin-stimulated glucose...
4.0K
Introduction to Carbohydrates01:34

Introduction to Carbohydrates

23.2K
Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are the primary macronutrients in the human diet. However, carbohydrates are the most favored source of energy in the body. They can be found in a wide variety of foods, including whole grains, fruit, and vegetables, in various forms, such as sugars, starch, and dietary fiber. Based on their structure, carbohydrates are classified into three main classes— monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. The body's cells can only utilize simple...
23.2K
Carbohydrate Metabolism01:36

Carbohydrate Metabolism

14.7K
Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
14.7K
What are Carbohydrates?01:44

What are Carbohydrates?

202.3K
Overview
202.3K
Carbohydrate Digestion00:57

Carbohydrate Digestion

123.9K
Carbohydrate digestion and metabolism break down simple and complex carbohydrates from food into saccharides (i.e., sugars) for the body to use as energy. Carbohydrate digestion starts in the mouth during mastication, or chewing. The masticated carbohydrates remain intact in the stomach. Digestion resumes in the duodenum of the small intestine, where pancreatic alpha-amylase and brush border enzymes of the microvilli convert complex carbohydrates to monosaccharides. Finally, the monosaccharides...
123.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Improving outcomes in adults with diabetes through an interprofessional collaborative practice program.

Journal of interprofessional care·2017
Same author

Issues in Nutrition: Nutritional Assessment of Adults.

FP essentials·2017
Same author

Issues in Nutrition: Dietary Supplements.

FP essentials·2017
Same author

Issues in Nutrition: Dietary Considerations in Select Chronic Conditions.

FP essentials·2017
Same author

Student performance on smoking cessation counseling with standardized patients.

Family medicine·2011
Same author

Infantile scimitar syndrome complicating pregnancy.

International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics·2009
Same journal

Skin Cancer: Management of Cutaneous Melanoma.

FP essentials·2026
Same journal

Skin Cancer: Management of Actinic Keratoses and Keratinocyte Carcinomas.

FP essentials·2026
Same journal

Skin Cancer: Diagnosis.

FP essentials·2026
Same journal

Skin Cancer: Screening and Prevention.

FP essentials·2026
Same journal

Skin Cancer.

FP essentials·2026
Same journal

Obesity Management: Surgical Interventions.

FP essentials·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 8, 2026

Palatable Western-style Cafeteria Diet as a Reliable Method for Modeling Diet-induced Obesity in Rodents
09:10

Palatable Western-style Cafeteria Diet as a Reliable Method for Modeling Diet-induced Obesity in Rodents

Published on: November 1, 2019

11.7K

Issues in Nutrition: Carbohydrates.

Margaret E Thompson1, Mary Barth Noel2

  • 1Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Secchia Center 15 Michigan St NE, Grand Rapids, MI 49503.

FP Essentials
|January 17, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dietary carbohydrates, including fibers and resistant starches, impact blood glucose and gut health. Low glycemic index foods may prevent type 2 diabetes, with low-carb and low-fat diets showing equal weight-loss effectiveness.

More Related Videos

Quantifying Plant Soluble Protein and Digestible Carbohydrate Content, Using Corn Zea mays As an Exemplar
07:19

Quantifying Plant Soluble Protein and Digestible Carbohydrate Content, Using Corn Zea mays As an Exemplar

Published on: August 6, 2018

21.3K
Vinyl Chloride and High-Fat Diet as a Model of Environment and Obesity Interaction
09:15

Vinyl Chloride and High-Fat Diet as a Model of Environment and Obesity Interaction

Published on: January 12, 2020

6.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 8, 2026

Palatable Western-style Cafeteria Diet as a Reliable Method for Modeling Diet-induced Obesity in Rodents
09:10

Palatable Western-style Cafeteria Diet as a Reliable Method for Modeling Diet-induced Obesity in Rodents

Published on: November 1, 2019

11.7K
Quantifying Plant Soluble Protein and Digestible Carbohydrate Content, Using Corn Zea mays As an Exemplar
07:19

Quantifying Plant Soluble Protein and Digestible Carbohydrate Content, Using Corn Zea mays As an Exemplar

Published on: August 6, 2018

21.3K
Vinyl Chloride and High-Fat Diet as a Model of Environment and Obesity Interaction
09:15

Vinyl Chloride and High-Fat Diet as a Model of Environment and Obesity Interaction

Published on: January 12, 2020

6.9K

Area of Science:

  • Nutrition Science
  • Metabolic Health

Background:

  • Carbohydrates encompass sugars, starches, and dietary fibers, with resistant starches exhibiting fiber-like properties beneficial for blood glucose and the gut microbiome.
  • Dietary fibers, classified as soluble and insoluble, play roles in health, such as soluble fiber's ability to reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
  • Artificial sweeteners offer low-calorie alternatives, while sugar alcohols may induce laxative effects at high intakes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the multifaceted roles of carbohydrates in human health.
  • To explore the impact of different carbohydrate types and sweeteners on metabolic markers.
  • To examine the utility of glycemic index and glycemic load in dietary planning and disease prevention.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of carbohydrate classifications and their physiological effects.
  • Analysis of studies on soluble and insoluble fibers, resistant starches, and artificial sweeteners.
  • Examination of research on glycemic index and glycemic load measurements and their influencing factors.

Main Results:

  • Resistant starches and soluble fibers demonstrate positive health impacts, including improved blood glucose control and cholesterol reduction.
  • Glycemic index and glycemic load are valuable tools for assessing food's impact on blood glucose, though influenced by meal composition and individual variability.
  • Low glycemic index diets show potential in preventing type 2 diabetes.

Conclusions:

  • Dietary carbohydrate composition significantly influences metabolic health and gut function.
  • Strategies like consuming low glycemic index foods can aid in preventing chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes.
  • Low-carbohydrate and low-fat diets are equally effective for long-term weight management.