Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Viral Replication: Lysogenic Cycle01:16

Viral Replication: Lysogenic Cycle

2.1K
The lysogenic cycle is a crucial viral replication strategy that allows bacteriophages to persist within host cells without immediately destroying them. This process is primarily observed in temperate phages, such as bacteriophage lambda (λ), which infects Escherichia coli. The cycle allows the viral genome to persist across bacterial generations while keeping host cells viable.Integration of the Viral GenomeUpon infection, bacteriophage lambda attaches to the bacterial surface and injects...
2.1K
Lysogenic Cycle of Bacteriophages00:43

Lysogenic Cycle of Bacteriophages

68.6K
In contrast to the lytic cycle, phages infecting bacteria via the lysogenic cycle do not immediately kill their host cell. Instead, they combine their genome with the host genome, allowing the bacteria to replicate the phage DNA along with the bacterial genome. The incorporated copy of the phage genome is called the prophage. Some prophages can re-activate and enter the lytic cycle. This often occurs in response to a perturbation, such as DNA damage, but can also transpire in the absence of...
68.6K
DNA Bacteriophages01:26

DNA Bacteriophages

1.2K
Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria, utilizing their genetic material to hijack host cellular machinery for replication. DNA bacteriophages employ single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) or double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genomes. These phages exhibit diverse replication strategies and host interactions, influencing their ecological roles and applications in biotechnology and medicine.ssDNA BacteriophagesssDNA phages, with their small genomes, utilize unique strategies to...
1.2K
Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages01:30

Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages

78.9K
Bacteriophages, also known as phages, are specialized viruses that infect bacteria. A key characteristic of phages is their distinctive “head-tail” morphology. A phage begins the infection process (i.e., lytic cycle) by attaching to the outside of a bacterial cell. Attachment is accomplished via proteins in the phage tail that bind to specific receptor proteins on the outer surface of the bacterium. The tail injects the phage’s DNA genome into the bacterial cytoplasm. In the...
78.9K
Viral Replication: Lytic Cycle01:20

Viral Replication: Lytic Cycle

2.1K
Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria. Among them, T-even bacteriophages, such as T4, exhibit a well-characterized lytic replication cycle in Escherichia coli (E. coli). This process ensures the rapid proliferation of the virus while ultimately leading to the destruction of the bacterial host.Attachment and DNA InjectionThe infection process begins with the recognition and binding of the T4 phage to the E. coli cell surface. Tail fibers of the phage...
2.1K
Transduction01:16

Transduction

2.2K
Among the three main modes of HGT—transformation, conjugation, and transduction—transduction is unique in that it is mediated by bacteriophages, or bacterial viruses.Transduction occurs in two ways. Generalized transduction occurs during the lytic cycle of a bacteriophage infection. In this process, bacteriophages infect bacterial cells, replicate within them, and ultimately cause cell lysis, releasing newly assembled virions. Occasionally, random fragments of the bacterial genome...
2.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

BON in a Box: An Open and Collaborative Platform for Biodiversity Monitoring, Indicator Calculation, and Reporting.

Bioscience·2026
Same author

The evolution of thermal performance curves and life-history traits in responses to thermal selection.

Evolution; international journal of organic evolution·2026
Same author

Pathogens and planetary change.

Nature reviews. Biodiversity·2026
Same author

Site selection algorithms for optimal ecological monitoring design.

Ecological indicators·2026
Same author

Biodiversity science and biosurveillance are fellow travelers.

Bioscience·2026
Same author

Could humans and AI become a new evolutionary individual?

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 8, 2026

Following Cell-fate in E. coli After Infection by Phage Lambda
06:10

Following Cell-fate in E. coli After Infection by Phage Lambda

Published on: October 14, 2011

24.3K

Network structure and local adaptation in co-evolving bacteria-phage interactions.

James Gurney1, Lafi Aldakak1, Alex Betts2

  • 1Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier, UMR5554, Université de Montpellier, CC065, Place E. Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier Cedex 5, France.

Molecular Ecology
|January 17, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Host-parasite co-evolutionary dynamics and local adaptation were studied using phage-bacteria interactions. Network structure did not predict co-evolutionary dynamics, and only one phage type showed local adaptation in bacteria.

Keywords:
bacteriabacteriophagebipartite networksco-evolutionexperimental evolutionlocal adaptation

More Related Videos

Phage Phenomics: Physiological Approaches to Characterize Novel Viral Proteins
09:40

Phage Phenomics: Physiological Approaches to Characterize Novel Viral Proteins

Published on: June 11, 2015

12.9K
Author Spotlight: Investigating Bacteriophage-Induced Immune Responses in Gnotobiotic Mice
08:46

Author Spotlight: Investigating Bacteriophage-Induced Immune Responses in Gnotobiotic Mice

Published on: January 26, 2024

2.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 8, 2026

Following Cell-fate in E. coli After Infection by Phage Lambda
06:10

Following Cell-fate in E. coli After Infection by Phage Lambda

Published on: October 14, 2011

24.3K
Phage Phenomics: Physiological Approaches to Characterize Novel Viral Proteins
09:40

Phage Phenomics: Physiological Approaches to Characterize Novel Viral Proteins

Published on: June 11, 2015

12.9K
Author Spotlight: Investigating Bacteriophage-Induced Immune Responses in Gnotobiotic Mice
08:46

Author Spotlight: Investigating Bacteriophage-Induced Immune Responses in Gnotobiotic Mice

Published on: January 26, 2024

2.7K

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Microbial ecology
  • Molecular biology

Background:

  • Antagonistic co-evolution between hosts and parasites is widely studied, but the link between small-scale molecular changes and large-scale dynamics like local adaptation remains unclear.
  • Understanding how individual-level changes scale up to population-level evolutionary patterns is crucial for co-evolutionary theory.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between phage-bacteria interaction network structure and co-evolutionary dynamics.
  • To determine if phages exhibit local adaptation to their bacterial hosts.
  • To explore the molecular basis of local adaptation in bacteria.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized community ecology methods to analyze bipartite interaction networks of phage-bacteria communities.
  • Quantified co-evolutionary dynamics and assessed local adaptation of phages and bacteria over evolutionary time.
  • Examined molecular changes in bacterial genes (wzy and pilF) associated with observed adaptation patterns.

Main Results:

  • A nested network structure was consistently observed for both 'arms race' and 'fluctuating' co-evolutionary phage dynamics.
  • Both phages expanded their host ranges over time without a trade-off in impact on bacteria.
  • Local adaptation was only evident in bacteria co-evolving with the 'arms race' phage, linked to changes in the wzy gene; bacteria with the 'fluctuating' phage showed no local adaptation and pilF gene deletions.

Conclusions:

  • Phage-bacteria interaction network structure does not solely determine co-evolutionary dynamics or local adaptation.
  • The study provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying differential local adaptation in host-parasite systems.
  • Further research is needed to understand why only one phage type induced local adaptation in its bacterial hosts.