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Related Concept Videos

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

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Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
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Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
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Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
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Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications

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For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
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Carbohydrate Metabolism01:36

Carbohydrate Metabolism

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Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
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Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy

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The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
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Related Experiment Video

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Studying Diabetes Through the Eyes of a Fish: Microdissection, Visualization, and Analysis of the Adult tgfli:EGFP Zebrafish Retinal Vasculature
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Diabetes.

Heather Lovitt

    Nursing Standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain) : 1987)
    |January 18, 2017
    PubMed
    Summary

    This continuing professional development (CPD) article reviews diabetes mellitus, covering distinctions between type 1 and type 2 diabetes. It details the condition's diagnosis, etiology, and therapeutic strategies for healthcare professionals.

    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Metabolic Diseases
    • Medical Education

    Background:

    • Diabetes mellitus is a significant global health concern.
    • Understanding the nuances between type 1 and type 2 diabetes is crucial for effective patient management.
    • Continuing professional development (CPD) is essential for healthcare providers to stay updated on chronic disease management.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To provide a comprehensive overview of diabetes mellitus.
    • To differentiate between the key characteristics of type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
    • To summarize the diagnostic criteria, etiological factors, and current treatment modalities for diabetes.

    Main Methods:

    • The CPD activity involved a review of existing literature on diabetes.
    • Information was synthesized to cover the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical presentation of diabetes.

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  • Key differences in diagnosis, causes, and treatment for type 1 and type 2 diabetes were highlighted.

    • Main Results:

    • The article clearly delineated the distinct pathophysiological mechanisms of type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
    • Information on diagnostic markers, genetic and environmental risk factors, and various treatment options (pharmacological and non-pharmacological) was presented.
    • The review served as an educational resource for healthcare professionals.

    Conclusions:

    • This CPD article effectively summarized essential information on diabetes mellitus.
    • It serves as a valuable resource for enhancing healthcare professionals' knowledge of diabetes diagnosis, causes, and treatment.
    • Reinforced the importance of understanding diabetes subtypes for tailored patient care.