Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hierarchy of Motor Control01:18

Hierarchy of Motor Control

6.6K
The hierarchy of motor control refers to the different levels of organization and processing involved in controlling movement in the body. These levels range from higher cortical areas involved in planning and decision-making to lower spinal cord reflexes that respond automatically to external stimuli.
6.6K
Variability: Analysis01:11

Variability: Analysis

598
Measures of variability are statistical metrics that reveal the dispersion pattern within a dataset. They are pivotal in biostatistics, providing insights into the heterogeneity within health and biological data. Variability signifies the degree to which data points diverge from one another, helping researchers understand the potential range of values and associated uncertainty within the data.
The range is a simple measure of variability, indicating the difference between the highest and...
598
Observational Learning01:12

Observational Learning

1.1K
Albert Bandura's observational learning, also known as imitation or modeling, occurs when a person observes and imitates another's behavior. It is a quicker process than operant conditioning. A well-known example is the Bobo doll study, where children who saw an adult acting aggressively towards the doll were more likely to act aggressively when left alone, compared to those who observed a nonaggressive adult. Many psychologists view observational learning as a form of latent learning...
1.1K
Associative Learning01:27

Associative Learning

1.7K
Associative learning is a fundamental concept in behavioral psychology, wherein a connection is established between two stimuli or events, leading to a learned response. This process is critical in understanding how behaviors are acquired and modified. Conditioning, the mechanism through which associations are formed, can be divided into two main types: classical conditioning and operant conditioning, each elucidating different aspects of associative learning.
Classical conditioning, also known...
1.7K
Multi-input and Multi-variable systems01:22

Multi-input and Multi-variable systems

453
Cruise control systems in cars are designed as multi-input systems to maintain a driver's desired speed while compensating for external disturbances such as changes in terrain. The block diagram for a cruise control system typically includes two main inputs: the desired speed set by the driver and any external disturbances, such as the incline of the road. By adjusting the engine throttle, the system maintains the vehicle's speed as close to the desired value as possible.
In the absence of...
453
Motor Units00:46

Motor Units

62.3K
A motor unit consists of two main components: a single efferent motor neuron (i.e., a neuron that carries impulses away from the central nervous system) and all of the muscle fibers it innervates. The motor neuron may innervate multiple muscle fibers, which are single cells, but only one motor neuron innervates a single muscle fiber.
62.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Match running performance upon return to play in professional male LaLiga football players following anterior cruciate ligament rupture.

Biology of sport·2026
Same author

Exploring motor variability in adults with severe athetoid or ataxic cerebral palsy: Impact on error-based and reward-based learning.

PloS one·2026
Same author

Motor Variability as a Predictor of Strength Adaptation: The Role of Complexity in Resistance Training.

Journal of strength and conditioning research·2026
Same author

Mechanisms, Injury Patterns and Biomechanical Factors of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in Football (Soccer): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Video-Analysis Studies.

Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)·2026
Same author

Motor variability as an index of fatigue in dynamic actions: a perspective from the optimal movement variability theory.

Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)·2025
Same author

The Functional Variability of Goal-Directed Movements in Football.

International journal of sports physiology and performance·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 8, 2026

The "Motor" in Implicit Motor Sequence Learning: A Foot-stepping Serial Reaction Time Task
10:39

The "Motor" in Implicit Motor Sequence Learning: A Foot-stepping Serial Reaction Time Task

Published on: May 3, 2018

9.2K

Can the structure of motor variability predict learning rate?

David Barbado Murillo1, Carla Caballero Sánchez1, Janice Moreside2

  • 1Research Sport Center, Miguel Hernandez University.

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance
|January 18, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Motor variability structure predicts learning in error-based tasks. Lower autocorrelation (α score) in movement adjustments enhances error sensitivity and learning rate, suggesting motor control, not just exploration, drives skill acquisition.

More Related Videos

Study Motor Skill Learning by Single-pellet Reaching Tasks in Mice
06:04

Study Motor Skill Learning by Single-pellet Reaching Tasks in Mice

Published on: March 4, 2014

22.4K
Investigating Motor Skill Learning Processes with a Robotic Manipulandum
07:52

Investigating Motor Skill Learning Processes with a Robotic Manipulandum

Published on: February 12, 2017

9.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 8, 2026

The "Motor" in Implicit Motor Sequence Learning: A Foot-stepping Serial Reaction Time Task
10:39

The "Motor" in Implicit Motor Sequence Learning: A Foot-stepping Serial Reaction Time Task

Published on: May 3, 2018

9.2K
Study Motor Skill Learning by Single-pellet Reaching Tasks in Mice
06:04

Study Motor Skill Learning by Single-pellet Reaching Tasks in Mice

Published on: March 4, 2014

22.4K
Investigating Motor Skill Learning Processes with a Robotic Manipulandum
07:52

Investigating Motor Skill Learning Processes with a Robotic Manipulandum

Published on: February 12, 2017

9.3K

Area of Science:

  • Motor control
  • Learning sciences
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Motor variability is actively regulated for learning in reward-based tasks.
  • Its role in error-based tasks, requiring reduced variability, is unclear.
  • Error-based learning may involve error prediction and measurement, not just exploration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the relationship between motor variability and error-based learning.
  • Hypothesize that individuals' ability to measure and predict motor error influences learning.
  • Examine if less auto-correlated motor variability correlates with better motion adjustment ability.

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments using balance tasks (standing and sitting).
  • Analyzed long-range autocorrelation of center of pressure fluctuations using the α score from Detrended Fluctuation Analysis.
  • Compared learning rates between groups with similar performance but different α scores.

Main Results:

  • Individuals with a lower α score (less auto-correlated variability) demonstrated a higher learning rate.
  • The α score reflects changes in motor output over time, not just magnitude.
  • Higher learning rates were linked to increased error sensitivity, not exploration strategies.

Conclusions:

  • The structure of motor output variability is a key predictor of learning rate in error-based tasks.
  • Error sensitivity, reflected in motor variability's temporal structure, plays a crucial role in skill acquisition.
  • This highlights the importance of analyzing variability's dynamics for understanding motor learning.