Inhibitory effect of blue light emitting diode on migration and invasion of cancer cells
Phil-Sun Oh1, Hyun-Soo Kim1, Eun-Mi Kim1
1Molecular Imaging and Therapeutic Medicine Research Center, Cyclotron Research Center, Institute for Medical Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
Abstract:
The aim of this study was to determine the effects and molecular mechanism of blue light emitting diode (LED) in tumor cells. A migration and invasion assay for the metastatic behavior of mouse colon cancer CT-26 and human fibrosarcoma HT-1080 cells was performed. Cancer cell migration-related proteins were identified by obtaining a 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) in total cellular protein profile of blue LED-irradiated cancer cells, followed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) analysis of proteins. Protein levels were examined by immunoblotting. Irradiation with blue LED inhibited CT-26 and HT-1080 cell migration and invasion. The anti-metastatic effects of blue LED irradiation were associated with inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 expression. P38 MAPK phosphorylation was increased in blue LED-irradiated CT-26 and HT-1080 cells, but was inhibited after pretreatment with SB203580, a specific inhibitor of p38 MAPK. Inhibition of p38 MAPK phosphorylation by SB203580 treatment increased number of migratory cancer cells in CT-26 and HT-1080 cells, indicating that blue LED irradiation inhibited cancer cell migration via phosphorylation of p38 MAPK. Additionally blue LED irradiation of mice injected with CT-26 cells expressing luciferase decreased early stage lung metastasis compared to untreated control mice. These results indicate that blue LED irradiation inhibits cancer cell migration and invasion in vitro and in vivo.
Insights
Blue light emitting diode (LED) therapy effectively inhibits cancer cell migration and invasion. This anti-metastatic effect is mediated by the p38 MAPK pathway, reducing matrix metalloproteinase expression in vitro and in vivo.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Biophysics
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Cancer metastasis remains a significant challenge in oncology.
- Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying cancer cell migration and invasion is crucial for developing novel therapeutic strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the anti-metastatic effects of blue light emitting diode (LED) irradiation on tumor cells.
- To elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which blue LED affects cancer cell migration and invasion.
Main Methods:
- Migration and invasion assays were performed on mouse colon cancer (CT-26) and human fibrosarcoma (HT-1080) cells.
- Proteomic analysis using 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and MALDI-TOF identified migration-related proteins.
- Immunoblotting and specific p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580) were used to examine protein levels and pathway activation.
- In vivo studies involved irradiating mice bearing CT-26 tumors to assess lung metastasis.
Main Results:
- Blue LED irradiation significantly inhibited the migration and invasion of CT-26 and HT-1080 cells.
- The anti-metastatic effect was linked to the downregulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9.
- Blue LED increased p38 MAPK phosphorylation, a key signaling pathway involved in cell motility.
- Inhibition of p38 MAPK phosphorylation reversed the anti-migratory effects of blue LED.
- In vivo, blue LED irradiation reduced lung metastasis in a mouse model.
Conclusions:
- Blue LED irradiation exhibits potent anti-metastatic properties against colon cancer and fibrosarcoma cells.
- The mechanism involves the activation of the p38 MAPK pathway, leading to the inhibition of MMPs and reduced cell motility.
- Blue LED therapy represents a promising approach for controlling cancer metastasis.
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