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Vaccinations01:51

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Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
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When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
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New Vaccines against Epidemic Infectious Diseases

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  • 1From the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI), the Norwegian Institute of Public Health, and the University of Oslo - all in Oslo (J.-A.R., D.G.); the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston (J.-A.R.); Chatham House (J.-A.R.), GlaxoSmithKline (A.W.), and the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (P.P.) - all in London; the International AIDS Vaccine Initiative (M.F.) and Johnson & Johnson (P.S.) - both in New York; the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (S.P.); the Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, New Delhi, India (K.V.R.); and the Directorate General for Research and Innovation, European Commission, Brussels (R.D.-A.).

The New England Journal of Medicine
|January 19, 2017
PubMed
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No abstract available in PubMed .

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