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Hyponatremic hypertensive syndrome - a retrospective cohort study
Devdeep Mukherjee1, Rajiv Sinha1, Md Shakil Akhtar1
1Devdeep Mukherjee, Rajiv Sinha, Md Shakil Akhtar, Department of Pediatric Medicine, Institute of Child Health, Kolkata 700017, India.
World Journal of Nephrology
|January 20, 2017
Summary
Hyponatremic hypertensive syndrome (HHS) is rare in children with hypertensive emergencies. Unilateral renal artery stenosis was the cause in three identified pediatric cases, with renal angioplasty proving effective.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nephrology
- Pediatric Cardiology
- Hypertension Management
Background:
- Hypertensive emergency in children is a serious condition.
- Hyponatremic hypertensive syndrome (HHS) is a rare complication.
- Identifying the frequency and causes of HHS in pediatric hypertensive emergencies is important.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the incidence of hyponatremic hypertensive syndrome (HHS) in children experiencing hypertensive emergencies.
- To investigate the underlying causes and treatment outcomes for pediatric HHS.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of pediatric patients admitted with hypertensive emergency between June 2014 and December 2015.
- Identification of patients diagnosed with HHS.
- Analysis of clinical presentation, management, and outcomes.
Main Results:
- Three cases of HHS were identified among children with hypertensive emergency.
- All three patients had unilateral renal artery stenosis.
- Two patients underwent successful renal angioplasty, leading to normalized blood pressure.
Conclusions:
- Children with renal artery stenosis can present with significant hyponatremia despite renin-angiotensin system activation.
- Renal re-vascularization is an effective treatment for HHS caused by renal artery stenosis in pediatric patients.
