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Congolese children with sickle cell trait may exhibit glomerular hyperfiltration: A case control study
Michel Ntetani Aloni1, René Makwala Ngiyulu1, Célestin Ndosimao Nsibu2
1Division of Hemato-oncology and nephrology, Department of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, University Hospital of Kinshasa, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Congo.
Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis
|January 20, 2017
Summary
Children with sickle cell trait (SCT) in sub-Saharan Africa show a higher prevalence of hyperfiltration, indicating potential renal changes. Further research is needed to understand this renal physiology in SCT individuals.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Pediatrics
- Genetics
Background:
- Sickle cell trait (SCT) is highly prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa.
- Previous research indicates SCT carriers may impact renal function.
- Renal abnormalities in African children with SCT remain understudied.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess glomerular function in Congolese children with sickle cell trait (SCT).
- To investigate potential renal abnormalities in children with SCT.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study compared glomerular function in 43 children with SCT (Hb-AS).
- Participants were matched for age with 65 children with sickle cell anemia (Hb-SS) and 67 normal controls (Hb-AA).
- Glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and blood pressure were assessed.
Main Results:
- Blood pressure differed significantly between Hb-AS and Hb-SS groups.
- Hyperfiltration was observed in 16.3% of children with SCT, higher than controls (6.1%) but lower than sickle cell anemia patients (30%).
- No statistically significant differences in eGFR or hyperfiltration rates were found between groups; no proteinuria was detected in the SCT group.
Conclusions:
- Approximately 1 in 6 children with SCT exhibited hyperfiltration.
- These findings suggest potential alterations in renal physiology among SCT individuals in Africa.
- Further studies are warranted to explore renal function in SCT populations.
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